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148 changes: 148 additions & 0 deletions research/centre-two-coset-separation/PROOF.md
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# Two left cosets cannot create an additional centre-kernel direction

This contribution was produced by Nick Petalas. Apache-2.0.

Claim type: scoped algebraic proof, with a source-bound finite premise and
small exact corroboration. Independent human and formal proof-kernel review
are unclaimed. The theorem is about the historical scalar observation
contract of PR3071/3291/3656/3797/3828, not the current P104 native word.

## 1. Contract and inherited premises

Let G act regularly on its owner labels, let H be a finite subgroup, and let
rho_p be involutions indexed by ports p. Work over Q or C. R_p is a column
of a fixed reader R. For inputs supported on B, retain every later output,
including outputs outside B, and put

```text
Sx(g) = sum_p R_p x(g,p),
4Tx(z) = sum_p R_p x(z rho_p,p).
```

For D={a,b,c}, suppose the following conditions hold.

1. The right-coset partition of the ports by H rho_p consists of D and
singleton classes. H is generated by rho_a rho_b and rho_a rho_c.
2. R_D has rank two with kernel generated by u=(1,-1,-1).
3. Every pair of distinct reader columns is linearly independent.
4. For W=span(R_a,R_b), every R_p with p outside D is outside W.

The single-block coset classification, subgroup order 4080, reader rank
eight, and one constant triple direction per left translate are **cited
premises**, from Clear1nsight's PR3828 and Ross Richardson's PR3797.
Sagar Thakrar's PR3291, through PR3071's source reader, supplies the
nonparallel-column premise. These predecessor results are not audited here.
Matarener's PR3656 supplies the original subgroup and constant witness.

Condition 4 is the additional source check. On the authenticated reader,
exact elimination gives rank(R_0,R_6,R_p)=3 for each of the 109 ports outside
{0,6,85}, and rank two for those three ports. The program extracts R from
the archived canonical prefix using the retained query convention. It does
not execute a predecessor verifier or repeat the group/coset census.

## 2. Separation lemma

Let B_1=sH and B_2=tH be distinct left cosets. They are disjoint. At any
fixed later output z, the ports arriving from B_i are either absent, one
singleton port, or exactly D. This follows from the right-coset partition
after left translation by s or t.

There are two additional exclusions.

* If both blocks contribute singleton ports p and q, then p differs from q.
Indeed, B_1 rho_p and B_2 rho_p are disjoint, since right multiplication
by rho_p is a bijection.
* Both blocks cannot contribute D at the same z. Their triple output sets
are B_1 rho_a and B_2 rho_a, which are disjoint by the same bijection.

Now impose Tx(z)=0. If only a singleton arrives, its coefficient is zero.
For two singletons, pairwise independence of R_p,R_q makes both
coefficients zero. For one singleton and one triple, the triple's response
lies in W and the singleton's column lies outside W, so its coefficient
is zero. These exhaust every output equation that contains a singleton.
Every source coordinate on a singleton port appears at its own output
z=g rho_p. Consequently all source coordinates outside D vanish.

This argument allows arbitrary partial intersections of the translated
outgoing sets. It assumes neither normality of H nor that those sets form
one common quotient partition after translation.

## 3. Exact kernel on two blocks and their subblocks

Once all singleton coordinates vanish, the source equation gives

```text
x(g,p) = alpha(g) u_p, p in D.
```

There is no cross-block triple output. Therefore the later equations
reduce separately on B_1 and B_2 to

```text
alpha(g) = alpha(g rho_a rho_b) = alpha(g rho_a rho_c).
```

Both products generate H. The right Cayley graph on each left coset is
connected, so alpha is constant separately on each block. Conversely each
constant triple vector has zero S and T, as in the cited one-block witness.
Their source supports are disjoint, so the vectors are independent. Thus

```text
ker(S on B_1 union B_2) intersect ker(T on B_1 union B_2)
= span{1_(B_1) tensor u, 1_(B_2) tensor u},
dimension = 2.
```

This holds for **every** pair of distinct left cosets. It is not a finite
enumeration of relative translations.

For any A contained in B_1 union B_2, extend its inputs by zero. The theorem
then says that its kernel has dimension j, where j is the number of these
two cosets contained in A in full. Omitting any owner of one block forces
that block's constant amplitude to vanish. This is an immediate support
corollary, without an additional search or a hypothesis about missing outputs.

For the cited 112-port, rank-eight reader, dim ker(S_A)=104|A|. Hence

```text
rank(T_A restricted to ker(S_A)) = 104|A| - j.
```

This is the exact minimum number of additional **scalar linear**
observations that, together with S, determine the whole T field. A lower
count leaves an ambiguity in ker S outside ker T, even if postprocessing
is nonlinear. A linear quotient by the common kernel attains the count
abstractly. There is no assertion of efficient physical access or decoding.

For two full source cosets, |A|=8160 and j=2, so the minimum is
848638. These are derived counts from the theorem and cited source order,
not a claim to have eliminated the full 913920-variable matrix.
The invisible fraction remains exactly 1/424320 of ker S. Pairing two
blocks cannot improve the single-block information-compression density.

## 4. Executable corroboration and limits

The source check establishes only condition 4 and the distinguished relation.
The other actual-source premises are inherited as stated in section 1.

The new implication is corroborated over Q on G=S3 times C2, with
H=A3 times {0}. The three D routes are the three transpositions with zero
C2 bit. Two singleton routes are (identity,1) and (first transposition,1).
Their columns are e3 and e4, while the D columns are e1+e2,e1,e2.

Exact elimination checks every pair of the four left cosets and every
subblock of one pair. Literal inherited vectors span the computed kernels.
The fixtures contain both possible overlapping class types, singleton with
singleton and singleton with triple. Controls separately place a singleton
inside W, make it parallel to a triple column, duplicate two singleton
columns, and discard later outputs outside the source. Each alteration
admits more than two directions on at least one enumerated two-coset block.
The receipt records the measured dimensions rather than assuming them.

Three or more source cosets can contribute several singleton columns at
one output, permitting dependencies not excluded by this proof. This paper
does not decide that case, other triples' subgroups, or arbitrary owner
sets outside two left cosets. The rank-one-per-observation tariff, physical
acquisition, native phases, dirty restoration, storage, precision, compiler
and outer obligations remain separate. No new kappa or complete
multiplication theorem is claimed.
107 changes: 107 additions & 0 deletions research/centre-two-coset-separation/README.md
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# Two translated centre blocks have exactly two hidden directions

For every pair of distinct left cosets of PR3828's 4080-owner subgroup,
the full scalar common-observation kernel is exactly the two known constant
triple directions, one per block. Pairing blocks creates no additional
hidden direction or improvement in information-compression density.

This contribution was produced by Nick Petalas. Apache-2.0.

Claim type: **scoped algebraic proof with finite corroboration**. This settles
the two-coset case of Open next question 1 in Clear1nsight's
[PR3828](https://github.com/CrocSwap/integer-mult-bounds/pull/3828).
The exact extra-linear-observation minimum on both full blocks is
`104*8160-2 = 848638`. For any subblock A of their union, the minimum is
`104|A|-j`, where j counts the complete cosets retained in A.

[PROOF.md](PROOF.md) proves the result for every relative translation,
without assuming the subgroup is normal. At a later output, each block
contributes a singleton port or the distinguished triple. Two triple
contributions cannot meet. Distinct singleton columns cannot cancel each
other; a singleton also cannot cancel a vector in the triple plane. All
other ports vanish, leaving the inherited connected triple equations on
each block separately.

The new source check proves that exactly ports `{0,6,85}` lie in that plane.
The single-block coset classification and order, reader rank and pairwise
column independence are cited predecessor premises. Their certificates are
not reverified. The theorem concerns the historical calls-0/4 scalar model,
not an automatically applicable replacement for the selected P104 word.

## Reproduce

From the repository root, CPython 3.12 and its standard library suffice.

```sh
/Users/nick/git/integer-mult-bounds/.venv/bin/python3.12 -I -W error -B research/centre-two-coset-separation/verify.py
/Users/nick/git/integer-mult-bounds/.venv/bin/python3.12 -I -O -W error -B research/centre-two-coset-separation/verify.py
/Users/nick/git/integer-mult-bounds/.venv/bin/python3.12 -B scripts/research_package.py --package research/centre-two-coset-separation
/Users/nick/git/integer-mult-bounds/.venv/bin/python3.12 -B scripts/check_research_commit.py --package research/centre-two-coset-separation --check-source-history
```

Any CPython 3.12 executable can replace the local interpreter path.
Expected markers are `PASS_CENTRE_TWO_COSET_SEPARATION`,
`PASS_REGISTERED_RESEARCH_PACKAGE`, and `PASS_RESEARCH_COMMIT_BYTES`.
The direct check writes only stdout. Optional `--receipt /absolute/new/path`
writes a fresh receipt outside the package, binding every package file by
SHA256. No receipt is handwritten or committed.

Exact source-column elimination checks 109 outside-plane columns. A new
small S3 times C2 model checks all six two-coset pairs and all 64 subblocks
of one pair, using literal matrices and kernel witnesses. Four controls
show why column separation and retaining all later outputs are necessary.
The proof supplies the universal result; these finite checks corroborate it.

## Scope and credit

The historical source order gives 8160 owners and a derived observation
minimum of 848638. The large source matrix is not replayed. Source-bound
metadata orientation passed on canonical main
`721c03822c421b7f7fcbb2598993b947c4d88419`, priority revision 8. The selected
conditional kappa is `0.003125804` and is unchanged.

Credit Chris R / Clear1nsight PR3828 for the question and full one-block
classification, Ross Richardson PR3797 for the parallel one-block proof
and observation interface, Matarener PR3656 for the subgroup and witness,
Sagar Thakrar PR3291 for the nonparallel-column premises, and Ross
Richardson PR3071 for the reader/model extraction convention. Retain David
Charbonneau PR3147, Sudarsh Chaturvedi PR3168, ywz65, Aaron Wang and the
selected native/geometry/compiler lineage credited by these packages.
No predecessor credit or frozen file is changed.

No physical collector, recursive tariff, native implementation, improved
kappa or complete multiplication theorem is supplied. All five selected
framework assumptions remain. No Lean, Docker, selected cold replay or
independent human/formal-kernel review is claimed.

## Open next questions

Can three distinct left cosets have extra mixed kernel directions? At one
output, three singleton columns can be dependent, so the two-coset proof
ends there. First derive the actual outgoing incidences of one explicit
three-coset block and its coefficient compatibility. A useful physical
extension still needs source access, dirty restoration and a complete
paid/productive invoice; a scalar dimension is not a saved recursive call.

## Implementation constraints

Build the Lever supplies the source-plane checker and exact small-model
elimination. Prove It Works requires literal matrix kernels and controls
that break the stated hypotheses. No predecessor verifier is imported.

Power of Ten review: no recursion, dynamic execution or subprocesses;
source prefix loops have exactly 10851 events times eight rows, and source
rank tests have eight rows and at most three columns. Small-model systems
have at most 72 rows and 30 columns. All functions are under 60 lines.
The source archive is hash-authenticated and bounded before decompression;
it contains no executable dependency. Receipts refuse existing destinations.
Explicit checks remain active under optimized Python.

Rule 3 deviation: Python integers, Fraction and JSON/tar libraries allocate
dynamically. This is a bounded reference verifier, not a fixed-allocation
runtime. Bounds are eight MB for the authenticated archive, eight MB for
the decoded word, 704 live covector entries per row and 80-by-30 maximum
elimination storage. Runtime/library internal allocation is not instrumented.
The exact archive hash fixes decompression input before library allocation.
Warning-strict normal/optimized execution and AST parsing provide diagnostics;
no additional type checker or linter was run.
54 changes: 54 additions & 0 deletions research/centre-two-coset-separation/SOURCES.json
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