feat: Hyperlocal Precision Irrigation

[Aditya8369]

closes #1885

Key Components Implemented

1. Agronomic Water Balance Engine (

backend/services/precision_irrigation_engine.py
)
Standard FAO-56 Penman-Monteith Evapotranspiration ($ET_0$): $$\text{ET}0 = \frac{0.408 \Delta (R_n - G) + \gamma \frac{900}{T + 273} u_2 (e_s - e_a)}{\Delta + \gamma (1 + 0.34 u_2)}$$
Integrates solar radiation ($R_n$), mean/min/max temperature, wind speed ($u_2$), atmospheric pressure, and vapor pressure deficit ($e_s - e_a$).
Crop Coefficient ($K_c$) Phenology Database:
Growth stage coefficients (Initial, Development, Mid-Season, Late Season) for Tomato, Wheat, Rice, Cotton, Maize, Sugarcane, Potato, Citrus, Onion, and Soybean.
Root-Zone Soil Moisture & Water Balance:
Ingests dual-depth IoT soil telemetry ($0-30\text{ cm}$ topsoil & $30-60\text{ cm}$ deep root-zone) and Copernicus/Sentinel-2 satellite soil moisture.
Accounts for soil hydraulic properties (Field Capacity $\theta{FC}$, Permanent Wilting Point $\theta_{PWP}$, Total Available Water $TAW$, and Readily Available Water $RAW$).
Calculates Soil Moisture Deficit ($SMD$), Plant Available Water ($\text{PAW} %$), and irrigation application depth (mm & liters/acre).
3-Day Optimal Irrigation Window Generator:
Simulates soil moisture evolution across a 3-day forecast horizon.
Generates specific, actionable watering windows (e.g., "Irrigate 15.2mm (~61,500 L/acre) on Thursday morning (06:00 - 08:30 AM) via Drip" to minimize daytime solar evaporation).
2. Microclimate Early Warning Rule Engine & Cron Tasks (

backend/tasks/climate_alerts.py
)
Automated Threshold Evaluator (tasks.evaluate_climate_early_warnings):
🥶 Frost Warning: Triggered when $T \le 3.5^\circ\text{C}$ (Dispatches protocols for light overnight sprinkler misting or thermal crop covers).
🍄 Blight & Fungal Disease Risk: Triggered when $\text{Relative Humidity} \ge 85%$ for $\ge 48\text{ hours}$ (Dispatches preventive bio-fungicide and canopy aeration protocols).
🔥 Heatwave & Pollen Sterility Risk: Triggered when $T \ge 39.5^\circ\text{C}$ (Recommends midday pulse micro-drip cooling).
🌊 Soil Waterlogging / Root Hypoxia Alert: Triggered when 24h precipitation $\ge 50\text{ mm}$ (Instructs immediate drainage clearing).
Satellite Ingestion Task (tasks.sync_satellite_soil_moisture):
Calibrates local IoT sensor telemetry with Copernicus Sentinel-2 MSI and NASA SMAP 9km satellite grids.

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[github-actions]

Thanks for creating a PR for your Issue! ☺️

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[Aditya8369]

@omroy07 closes #1885

[github-actions]

🎉 Congrats @Aditya8369 on getting your PR merged! 🙌
Thanks for the contribution — looking forward to more from you 🚀