[codex] Try removing Cog URL workaround

[nelsonjchen]

What changed

This branch tries to remove the repo-local Cog URL workaround stack and simplify the workflow back to stock Cog behavior.

It:

• removes literal: acceptance from route validation and the related tests
• updates local cog predict examples to use raw https://connect.comma.ai/... URLs
• deletes the old cog/runtime_patch/ builder and its Makefile/docs wiring
• rewrites the deploy and readiness docs around stock Cog 0.17.1+

Why

This was prompted by the upstream follow-up on replicate/cog#2868 and local confirmation that stock Cog 0.17.1 appears to pass raw URL strings correctly in some paths.

Impact

If this branch were merged as-is, the repo would stop accepting the legacy literal: wrapper and would assume that current stock Cog handles the route URL path correctly.

Root cause / blocker

This PR is still draft because the Linux GPU path is not fully explained yet.

What I confirmed:

• local macOS cog 0.17.1 raw-URL predict succeeded for this repo
• an isolated throwaway predictor on GCE with stock Linux cog 0.17.1 also passed a plain str URL through unchanged

What is still failing:

• on the GCE nvidia-l4 VM, this repo's stock cog 0.17.1 smoke still fails because the predictor receives the route as a temp-file path instead of the original URL string
• the observed failure payload on the VM was:
  • raw_type=Path
  • raw_repr=Path('/tmp/tmpc6ososx7105')

So this branch is useful as an investigation checkpoint, but it is not merge-ready yet.

Checks

• uv run pytest tests/test_replicate_run.py
• local macOS smoke with stock cog 0.17.1
• GCE nvidia-l4 smoke with stock cog 0.17.1 on the repo predictor
• isolated GCE throwaway predictor smoke with stock cog 0.17.1

Notes

• rebased onto current master
• stopped the temporary GCE VM after testing