pgvector: add halfvec type with btree and hnsw opclasses (pgvector 0.8.5) - #96
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pgvector: add halfvec type with btree and hnsw opclasses (pgvector 0.8.5)#96jackwangfeng wants to merge 19 commits into
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Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
- Remove PgError from file-scope imports; import it only in test module - Move HnswTypeInfo block comment to correct location (was attached to HnswNormalizeFn) - Add short one-line doc comments for the two type aliases Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
…fault) Add l2_normalize_image function to normalize vectors to unit L2 norm, handling zero vectors correctly by leaving them unchanged. Add VECTOR_TYPE_INFO static initialized with the default HnswTypeInfo for vector opclasses: max_dimensions from types_hnsw, l2_normalize as the normalize function, and no check_value proc. Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
…Info) form_index_value / get_scan_value / max_dimensions now go through the type info instead of the vector-only paths; no behaviour change for the vector opclasses (no proc 3 -> VECTOR_TYPE_INFO). Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Make form_index_value_runs_check_value_before_norm_gate discriminating by using the zero vector (norm == 0) instead of (3,4): under the correct C order (checkValue before the norm gate) the checkValue error must surface, whereas a swapped order would return Ok(None) first and fail the assertion. Add a companion test proving the norm gate itself still rejects the zero vector when type_info has no check_value (the real vector-opclass default). Also drop the redundant `use types_hnsw::HnswTypeInfo;` already covered by the pre-existing `use types_hnsw::*;` glob in utils.rs. Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
…d divergence notes InitBuildState in C (hnswbuild.c) calls HnswGetTypeInfo, then the dimensions/ef_construction checks, and only then HnswInitSupport (the source of "missing support function 1 ..."). init_build_state called init_support (which resolves type info internally) first, inverting that error precedence; now it resolves type info directly for the checks and defers init_support until after them. get_type_info reinterpreted proc 3's Datum as a pointer with no null check and a SAFETY comment that asserted trust rather than describing C's actual (unchecked) contract; added a null check raising ERRCODE_INTERNAL_ERROR and rewrote the comment to describe that contract and its limits. Recorded two more divergences in pgvector_hnsw's module doc: normalize callbacks take no collation (unused by every shipped implementation), and vacuum now also resolves/calls proc 3 via init_support since C's hnswvacuum only calls HnswInitSupport. Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Trivial cleanup: drop a double blank line in vec.rs, remove a redundant HnswTypeInfo import and split double-statement/overlong lines in insert.rs's type_info_tests, and annotate the norm/normalize .expect() sites in insert.rs and scan.rs with why C would never hit them. Also rewrites the regression harness README: it previously claimed "all shipped features" for an argument-less run, but on this tree halfvec/sparsevec and the btree/cast/copy paths that depend on them aren't ported yet, so those upstream tests fail by design (they're the acceptance criteria for the follow-up PRs) and a full run exits non-zero. Documents the mktemp -d diff directory on FAIL and that this harness runs the unmodified upstream suite, distinct from the trimmed in-repo smoke tests under crates/contrib/pgvector/sql/. Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
📝 WalkthroughWalkthroughThe change adds Rust support for PostgreSQL ChangesHalfvec and type-aware HNSW
Estimated code review effort: 5 (Critical) | ~120 minutes Merge Risk: 🔵 Low · up to The new halfvec regression harness can leave temporary and results directories behind when setup fails before cleanup is registered. This is a bounded test-environment hygiene issue, but should be corrected before relying on repeated automated runs. Sequence Diagram(s)sequenceDiagram
participant Client
participant PostgreSQL
participant HalfvecFunctions
participant HnswSupport
Client->>PostgreSQL: use halfvec type or operator
PostgreSQL->>HalfvecFunctions: invoke registered FMGR function
HalfvecFunctions-->>PostgreSQL: return halfvec value or result
PostgreSQL->>HnswSupport: resolve HnswTypeInfo
HnswSupport-->>PostgreSQL: provide dimensions and callbacks
🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 4 | ❌ 1❌ Failed checks (1 warning)
✅ Passed checks (4 passed)
✨ Finishing Touches🧪 Generate unit tests (beta)
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In `@crates/contrib/pgvector/test/pgvector-regress.sh`:
- Line 24: Update the SQL test discovery in the pgvector regression script to
avoid parsing ls and word-splitting results. Enumerate matching files using a
Bash array with quoted paths, strip the .sql suffix safely, apply SKIP_RE, and
preserve the resulting test names for the existing loop.
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Cargo.lockis excluded by!**/*.lock
📒 Files selected for processing (16)
crates/_support/types/types_hnsw/src/lib.rscrates/contrib/pgvector/Cargo.tomlcrates/contrib/pgvector/extension/vector--0.8.5.sqlcrates/contrib/pgvector/src/funcs.rscrates/contrib/pgvector/src/half.rscrates/contrib/pgvector/src/halfutils.rscrates/contrib/pgvector/src/halfvec_funcs.rscrates/contrib/pgvector/src/lib.rscrates/contrib/pgvector/src/vec.rscrates/contrib/pgvector/test/README.mdcrates/contrib/pgvector/test/pgvector-regress.shcrates/contrib/pgvector_hnsw/src/insert.rscrates/contrib/pgvector_hnsw/src/lib.rscrates/contrib/pgvector_hnsw/src/scan.rscrates/contrib/pgvector_hnsw/src/utils.rscrates/contrib/pgvector_hnsw_build/src/lib.rs
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Heads-up for merging: #96 and #97 are independent, but once both are in, the |
…p output Review follow-ups on the harness script: - Discover tests with a glob into a bash array instead of word-splitting `ls` output (SC2046), and exit 2 with "no tests selected" when the selection is empty instead of printing "all selected tests passed" over zero tests. - Create the output directory before installing the EXIT trap and remove it from the trap when every test passed; a failing run keeps it (the FAIL line names the diff), and -k keeps both it and the database. Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
… text Review findings (fix round 1): - halfvec_l2_normalize_image: drop the else branch that copied the input's raw bits for zero norm; HalfVecBuilder::new is already zero-filled, so e.g. [-0] now normalizes to [0] like C's palloc0'd InitHalfVector result. - parse_halfvec: report the out-of-range overflow error with the original token text (matching C's `pnstrdup(pt, stringEnd - pt)`) instead of halfutils::float4_to_half's shortest-decimal rendering, which is reserved for the cast paths in later tasks. Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Adds fc_halfvec_in/out/typmod_in/recv/send and the typmod cast fc_halfvec (halfvec(halfvec,integer,boolean)), mirroring the vector counterparts in funcs.rs. Makes funcs::detoasted_image pub(crate) (image_datum already was) so halfvec_funcs.rs can reuse both helpers. Appends upstream's "-- halfvec type" SQL block verbatim, plus (pulled forward from upstream's later "-- halfvec cast functions"/"-- halfvec casts" sections) the halfvec-to-halfvec self typmod-coercion CREATE FUNCTION/CREATE CAST pair: without a pg_cast row, coerce_type_typmod has no length-coercion function for `'[...]'::halfvec(n)` literals and silently relabels the typmod instead of enforcing it, so `'[1,2,3]'::halfvec(2)` would not raise "expected 2 dimensions, not 3" as upstream's regression output requires. A later task appending those two sections in full must skip re-adding this function/cast pair. Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Add array_to_halfvec, halfvec_to_float4, vector_to_halfvec, and halfvec_to_vector fmgr entry points (C: halfvec.c / vector.c), mirroring funcs.rs's vector-side structure but routed through half.rs's HalfVecBuilder/check_* and halfutils::float4_to_half for the halfvec-specific range checks and error text. Append the corresponding CREATE FUNCTION / CREATE CAST statements to the extension SQL (upstream sql/vector.sql:462-513, minus the two statements Task 3 already pulled forward). Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Implement the sixteen halfvec fmgr functions (l2/l2_squared/inner_product/ negative_inner_product/cosine/spherical/l1 distances, vector_dims, l2_norm, l2_normalize, add/sub/mul, concat, binary_quantize, subvector), mirroring funcs.rs's vector equivalents against $S/src/halfvec.c ~555-1000 (clamps, overflow/underflow checks and texts, dimension checks). Register all sixteen in lib.rs::lookup and append upstream sql/vector.sql 362-443. One SQL divergence, recorded and reproduced: nine CREATE FUNCTION statements in that upstream range (halfvec_lt..cmp, halfvec_accum, halfvec_avg) are for symbols Task 6 registers, not this task; appending them verbatim would break CREATE EXTENSION outright since pgrust's fmgr_c_validator always resolves C symbols regardless of check_function_bodies. Left commented in place with an explanatory note for Task 6 to uncomment. Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Implements the seven halfvec_lt..cmp comparison wrappers (over half.rs's cmp_internal) plus halfvec_accum/halfvec_avg, mirroring funcs.rs's fc_vector_lt..cmp/fc_vector_accum/fc_vector_avg exactly (StateArray and build_state_array made pub(crate) in funcs.rs for reuse). Registers all nine in lib.rs::lookup. Restores the nine CREATE FUNCTION statements Task 5 left commented out (now that lib.rs resolves their symbols) and appends the halfvec aggregates, halfvec operators, and the btree halfvec_ops opclass from upstream sql/vector.sql, verbatim and byte-identical to the assembled upstream ranges (444-461, 514-589, 590-599) -- ivfflat/hnsw opclasses excluded (hnsw is Task 7, ivfflat unported). Verified: `halfvec` regress target passes with zero diff; `btree`/`cast`/ `copy` diffs are entirely in the still-unimplemented sparsevec sections. Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Move the halfvec cast-function/cast statements back to upstream's position (after "-- halfvec aggregates", before "-- halfvec operators") instead of the earlier pulled-forward placement right after "-- halfvec type". Drop the process-narrative comments that explained the pull-forward and its cleanup obligation; the only comments left in the halfvec part of the extension script are upstream's own section headers. Also removes the stray double blank line before "-- halfvec functions". Verified: extracting every halfvec-related line from the port and from upstream sql/vector.sql (minus the three ivfflat opclass blocks we don't ship) and diffing them shows identical content and order. Also updates test/README.md's pass/fail summary for this branch: vector_type, hnsw_vector, halfvec and hnsw_halfvec pass; sparsevec and hnsw_sparsevec fail outright (not ported yet); btree, cast and copy fail only on their sparsevec sections. Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
… dedup unsafe helper
- vector_isspace (vec.rs) and halfvec_isspace (half.rs) now also treat
0x0b (\v) as whitespace, matching C's scanner_isspace on PG17+ (which
pgrust's own scanner_isspace, parser_small1::scanner_isspace, already
implements) instead of stopping at \t \n \r \f. Adds a unit test in
each file for `[\v1]` / `[\x0b1]` parsing to a single-element vector.
- halfutils::half_to_float4: `exponent` is never mutated after its
initial computation; drop the stale `mut` and the placeholder
`let _ = &mut exponent;`.
- halfvec_funcs.rs gets a module-level DIVERGENCES note documenting
fc_halfvec_l2_normalize's full-image rebuild (vs. C's in-place
normalize) and fc_halfvec_send's literal 0 for `unused` (vs. C
sending vec->unused, which is always 0 by the time send runs).
- half.rs's halfvec_l2_normalize_image now raises overflow via
adt_float::float_overflow_error() instead of a hand-rolled
PgError::error("value out of range: overflow") -
ERRCODE_NUMERIC_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE construction; verified the helper
produces an identical message and sqlstate (fc_halfvec_add already
relies on it for the same error).
- Extract funcs::numeric_element_payload, the raw-pointer
varlena-header-skip used by the NUMERICOID arm of array-to-vector
conversion, and share it between fc_array_to_vector and
fc_array_to_halfvec instead of duplicating the unsafe block (and its
SAFETY comment) in halfvec_funcs.rs.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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Inline comments:
In `@crates/contrib/pgvector/test/pgvector-regress.sh`:
- Line 45: Move the cleanup trap in the pgvector regression script to
immediately after initializing DB, OUT, and fail, before any mkdir or CREATE
DATABASE operations.
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crates/contrib/pgvector/test/pgvector-regress.sh
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| [ "$KEEP" = 1 ] || [ "$fail" != 0 ] || rm -rf "$OUT" | ||
| } | ||
| "$PSQL" -h "$HOST" -p "$PORT" -U "$USER" -X -q -d postgres -c "CREATE DATABASE $DB" >/dev/null | ||
| trap cleanup EXIT |
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🩺 Stability & Availability | 🟡 Minor | ⚡ Quick win
Register the cleanup trap before creating resources.
If CREATE DATABASE fails, the script exits before reaching this trap. The temporary OUT directory and the created SRC/test/results directory then remain. Install the trap after initializing DB, OUT, and fail, before mkdir and CREATE DATABASE.
Proposed fix
OUT=$(mktemp -d)
-mkdir -p "$SRC/test/results"
fail=0
+trap cleanup EXIT
+mkdir -p "$SRC/test/results"
"$PSQL" ... -c "CREATE DATABASE $DB" >/dev/null
-trap cleanup EXIT📝 Committable suggestion
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Carefully review the code before committing. Ensure that it accurately replaces the highlighted code, contains no missing lines, and has no issues with indentation. Thoroughly test & benchmark the code to ensure it meets the requirements.
Suggested change
| trap cleanup EXIT | |
| OUT=$(mktemp -d) | |
| fail=0 | |
| trap cleanup EXIT | |
| mkdir -p "$SRC/test/results" | |
| "$PSQL" ... -c "CREATE DATABASE $DB" >/dev/null |
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In `@crates/contrib/pgvector/test/pgvector-regress.sh` at line 45, Move the
cleanup trap in the pgvector regression script to immediately after initializing
DB, OUT, and fail, before any mkdir or CREATE DATABASE operations.
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Summary
Adds the
halfvectype from pgvector 0.8.5 to the bundled pgvector port: the type itself, all its functions/operators/casts/aggregates, the btree opclass and the four HNSW opclasses. Built on top of #95 (support proc 3 type-info dispatch), which this branch includes as merge commits.Acceptance is upstream pgvector's own regression suite (run with the harness from #95):
halfvec.sqlandhnsw_halfvec.sqlare byte-identical totest/expected;vector_type,hnsw_vectorunchanged.btree,cast,copystill differ only on their sparsevec sections (separate PR).What is ported
pgvector/src/halfutils.rshalfutils.hsoftware armsi16 dim, i16 unused, u16 x[]), parser, checks, scalar kernels,l2_normalize,HALFVEC_TYPE_INFO(max 4000 dims)pgvector/src/half.rshalfvec.c,halfutils.cscalar armsarray_to_halfvec,halfvec_to_float4,vector_to_halfvec,halfvec_to_vector, 7 distances, dims/norm/normalize, add/sub/mul/concat, binary_quantize, subvector, 7 comparisons, accum/avg,hnsw_halfvec_supportpgvector/src/halfvec_funcs.rshalfvec.c,vector.c,hnswutils.chalfvec_ops, hnswhalfvec_{l2,ip,cosine,l1}_opspgvector/extension/vector--0.8.5.sqlsql/vector.sql(verbatim subset, upstream order)Not included: the four ivfflat opclasses (ivfflat is not ported),
halfvec ↔ sparseveccasts (land with the sparsevec PR), F16C/target-clone SIMD dispatch (scalar loops give identical results).Fidelity notes
Vector contents must start with "["inhalfvec_in.[1e5]) reports the typed token like Chalfvec_in; cast paths report the shortest-decimal rendering like CFloat4ToHalf.halfvec_l2_normalizeof a zero vector returns zeros (C leavesInitHalfVectoruntouched), so[-0]→[0].fmgr_c_validatorresolves symbols atCREATE FUNCTION; the SQL order is upstream's, and every referenced function is registered.vector_isspace/halfvec_isspacenow accept\v(0x0b): pgvector on PG17+ defines both asscanner_isspace, which includes vertical tab; the previousvector_isspacerejected it (a one-character pre-existing divergence, fixed here for both types).halfvec.cmirrorsvector.c) so each stays diffable against its C original; only genuinely shared unsafe helpers were factored out.Verification
cargo build --release --locked --bin postgrescargo test --release -p types_hnsw -p pgvector -p pgvector_hnsw -p pgvector_hnsw_buildhalfvec,hnsw_halfvec,hnsw_vector,vector_typehalfvec(3)used by the planner;halfvec(4001)rejected withcolumn cannot have more than 4000 dimensions for hnsw index,halfvec(4000)acceptedDepends on #95: the branch is rebased onto that PR's tip, so its commits appear here until #95 merges. Two of the halfvec commits are review follow-ups kept as separate commits (one strengthens the parser/normalize edge cases, one restores nine
CREATE FUNCTIONstatements that an earlier commit had to keep commented out because pgrust's validator resolves symbols atCREATE FUNCTIONtime).🤖 Generated with Claude Code
Summary by CodeRabbit
New Features
halfvecdata type, including parsing, conversions, arithmetic, comparisons, aggregates, distance calculations, normalization, and quantization.halfvec.halfvec,vector, arrays, and floating-point values.Documentation
Bug Fixes