Mcp-Param-* projection is enforced regardless of negotiated protocol version, breaking 2025-11-25 clients since v1.12.0

[iyoubee]

Summary

Since the v1.12.0 rollout (2026-09-03), repo-scoped tools on the hosted remote server
(https://api.githubcopilot.com/mcp/...) reject calls from clients that negotiated 2025-11-25:

Negotiated protocol version: 2025-11-25

HTTP 400: header mismatch: missing Mcp-Param-owner header for parameter "owner" (code -32020)
HTTP 400: header mismatch: missing Mcp-Param-repo  header for parameter "repo"  (code -32020)

Mcp-Param-* projection is a 2026-07-28 feature. A client that negotiated 2025-11-25 sends owner
and repo in the tools/call params, as that version specifies, and has no mechanism to emit projected
headers. Enforcing the header check against such a session makes -32020 reachable on a protocol
version where it should not exist.

The underlying issue: the check is not version-scoped

Version negotiation during initialize exists so that one deployment can serve clients across protocol
versions, applying each version's semantics per session. A version-correct implementation would branch:

Negotiated version	owner / repo read from	Header validation
2026-07-28	projected Mcp-Param-* headers	applies
2025-11-25	tools/call params	must not apply

PR #3167 states the projection mechanism is
"not gated on protocol version negotiation" — consistent with validation living in the HTTP layer,
which sits outside per-session version state and so cannot see what was negotiated. The result is that
2026-07-28 semantics are applied to every session regardless of what the client agreed to.

This makes adopting any server ≥ v1.12.0 conditional on the client adopting 2026-07-28, which inverts
the compatibility guarantee that negotiation is meant to provide.

Impact

A previously working integration broke with no client-side change, in a minor release. Clients pinned to
2025-11-25 cannot call any repo-scoped tool, and there is no client-side remedy — emitting projected
headers is not something a 2025-11-25 client can do. Our only options are pinning a pre-v1.12.0
self-hosted build or writing a proxy that converts arguments into headers.

Steps to reproduce

1. Connect to https://api.githubcopilot.com/mcp/x/all/readonly with a client supporting only MCP 2025-11-25.
2. Confirm the negotiated version is 2025-11-25.
3. Call any repo-scoped tool (e.g. get_file_contents) with owner and repo as ordinary arguments.
4. Server returns HTTP 400 / -32020 header mismatch.

Expected

On a session negotiated at 2025-11-25, owner/repo are read from the tools/call arguments and the
call succeeds. Projected-header validation applies only to sessions negotiated at 2026-07-28 or later.

Actual

-32020 header mismatch on every repo-scoped tool call, irrespective of negotiated version.

Version information

• Last working: v1.11.0 (2026-08-25) — no projection present; owner/repo accepted as arguments.
• First broken: the v1.12.0 rollout (2026-09-03).
• #3147 is CORS-only and not implicated;
  #3167 allowlists the projections in preflight
  and describes the ungated behaviour.
• Comparable failure mode under the previous SDK:
  mark3labs/mcp-go#986.

Questions

1. Can projected-header validation be gated on the negotiated protocol version, so 2025-11-25 sessions
   fall back to reading the parameters from tools/call?
2. In the interim, is there a supported opt-out — a request header or endpoint path — to disable
   parameter projection for clients still on 2025-11-25?