docs: migrate time_slave detailed design from docs/features

[ryan-steel]

Description

Migrates time_slave DD from docs/features to time_slave component to match S-CORE folder layout.

Related ticket

Part of #96

⚠️ Diff Warning

This PR is part of a stack but shows diff from main instead of add-time_slave-component-requirements due to cross-fork limitations.

The diff below includes all commits from the base of the stack, not just this layer.

After lower PRs merge, update the base branch to see only this layer's changes.

Stack Info

Part of stacked PR chain (layer 3 of 3):

1. docs: add module_template docs boilerplate to time_slave #175
2. Add time slave component requirements #151
3. docs: migrate time_slave detailed design from docs/features #176 (this PR)

Commits in this layer: 3

[github-actions]

License Check Results

🚀 The license check job ran with the Bazel command:

bazel run //:license-check

Status: ⚠️ Needs Review

Click to expand output

[License Check Output]
Extracting Bazel installation...
Starting local Bazel server (8.6.0) and connecting to it...
INFO: Invocation ID: 1a2d0c4f-14df-418c-b018-36630f2cf49e
Computing main repo mapping: 
Computing main repo mapping: 
Computing main repo mapping: 
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Computing main repo mapping: 
Loading: 
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Loading: 3 packages loaded
    currently loading: 
Analyzing: target //:license-check (4 packages loaded, 0 targets configured)
Analyzing: target //:license-check (4 packages loaded, 0 targets configured)

Analyzing: target //:license-check (41 packages loaded, 10 targets configured)

Analyzing: target //:license-check (103 packages loaded, 88 targets configured)

Analyzing: target //:license-check (155 packages loaded, 3358 targets configured)

Analyzing: target //:license-check (155 packages loaded, 6189 targets configured)

Analyzing: target //:license-check (156 packages loaded, 7005 targets configured)

Analyzing: target //:license-check (166 packages loaded, 9330 targets configured)

Analyzing: target //:license-check (167 packages loaded, 9338 targets configured)

Analyzing: target //:license-check (167 packages loaded, 9338 targets configured)

Analyzing: target //:license-check (167 packages loaded, 9338 targets configured)

Analyzing: target //:license-check (170 packages loaded, 11226 targets configured)

Analyzing: target //:license-check (171 packages loaded, 11350 targets configured)

INFO: Analyzed target //:license-check (172 packages loaded, 11476 targets configured).
INFO: From Generating Dash formatted dependency file ...:
INFO: Successfully converted 2 packages from Cargo.lock to bazel-out/k8-fastbuild/bin/formatted.txt
[14 / 16] [Prepa] JavaToolchainCompileBootClasspath external/rules_java+/toolchains/platformclasspath.jar
[15 / 16] Building license.check.license_check.jar (); 0s disk-cache, multiplex-worker
INFO: Found 1 target...
Target //:license.check.license_check up-to-date:
  bazel-bin/license.check.license_check
  bazel-bin/license.check.license_check.jar
INFO: Elapsed time: 27.941s, Critical Path: 2.58s
INFO: 16 processes: 12 internal, 3 processwrapper-sandbox, 1 worker.
INFO: Build completed successfully, 16 total actions
INFO: Running command line: bazel-bin/license.check.license_check ./formatted.txt <args omitted>
usage: org.eclipse.dash.licenses.cli.Main [-batch <int>] [-cd <url>]
       [-confidence <int>] [-ef <url>] [-excludeSources <sources>] [-help] [-lic
       <url>] [-project <shortname>] [-repo <url>] [-review] [-summary <file>]
       [-timeout <seconds>] [-token <token>]