diff --git a/lib/circuit_gas_meter.ts b/lib/circuit_gas_meter.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6fb3d122
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/circuit_gas_meter.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+export function trackScriptExecutionGas(opCount: number, gasLimit = 100000): boolean {
+  if (opCount > gasLimit) throw new Error('Gas limit exceeded');
+  return true;
+}
diff --git a/lib/gas_meter.ts b/lib/gas_meter.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4f6b25c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/gas_meter.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+export function calculateCircuitEvalGas(opCount: number, memoryBytes: number): number {
+  const baseGas = 100;
+  return baseGas + opCount * 2 + Math.floor(memoryBytes / 1024);
+}
diff --git a/lib/stack_guard.ts b/lib/stack_guard.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5cbab06a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/stack_guard.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+export function checkCallStackDepth(currentDepth: number, maxDepth: number = 250): void {
+  if (currentDepth > maxDepth) {
+    throw new Error(`Maximum schematic expansion depth of ${maxDepth} exceeded`);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/lib/timeout_guard.ts b/lib/timeout_guard.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a5d16cd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/timeout_guard.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+export function enforceEvalTimeout<T>(promise: Promise<T>, timeoutMs: number = 5000): Promise<T> {
+  let timer: NodeJS.Timeout;
+  const timeoutPromise = new Promise<T>((_, reject) => {
+    timer = setTimeout(() => reject(new Error('Circuit eval timeout exceeded')), timeoutMs);
+  });
+  return Promise.race([promise, timeoutPromise]).finally(() => clearTimeout(timer));
+}