diff --git a/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/README.md b/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1a5ff6f38301
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+
+
+# Penalties
+
+> SGD classification penalties.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+## Usage
+
+```javascript
+var penalties = require( '@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties' );
+```
+
+#### penalties()
+
+Returns a list of SGD classification penalties.
+
+```javascript
+var out = penalties();
+// e.g., returns [ 'elasticnet', 'l1', 'l2' ]
+```
+
+The output array contains the following penalties:
+
+- `elasticnet`: regularization method that linearly combines the L1 and L2 penalties of the lasso and ridge methods.
+- `l1`: L1 regularization (also called LASSO) leads to sparse models by adding a penalty based on the absolute value of coefficients.
+- `l2`: L2 regularization (also called ridge regression) encourages smaller, more evenly distributed weights by adding a penalty based on the square of the coefficients.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+## Examples
+
+
+
+```javascript
+var contains = require( '@stdlib/array/base/assert/contains' ).factory;
+var penalties = require( '@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties' );
+
+var isPenalty = contains( penalties() );
+
+var bool = isPenalty( 'l1' );
+// returns true
+
+bool = isPenalty( 'l2' );
+// returns true
+
+bool = isPenalty( 'beep' );
+// returns false
+```
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+* * *
+
+
+
+## C APIs
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+### Usage
+
+```c
+#include "stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties.h"
+```
+
+#### STDLIB_ML_SGD_CLASSIFICATION_PENALTY
+
+An enumeration of SGD classification penalties with the following fields:
+
+- **STDLIB_ML_SGD_CLASSIFICATION_ELASTICNET**: regularization method that linearly combines the L1 and L2 penalties of the lasso and ridge methods.
+- **STDLIB_ML_SGD_CLASSIFICATION_L1**: L1 regularization (also called LASSO) leads to sparse models by adding a penalty based on the absolute value of coefficients.
+- **STDLIB_ML_SGD_CLASSIFICATION_L2**: L2 regularization (also called ridge regression) encourages smaller, more evenly distributed weights by adding a penalty based on the square of the coefficients.
+
+```c
+#include "stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties.h"
+
+const enum STDLIB_ML_SGD_CLASSIFICATION_PENALTY v = STDLIB_ML_SGD_CLASSIFICATION_ELASTICNET;
+```
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+### Notes
+
+- Enumeration constants should be considered opaque values, and one should **not** rely on specific integer values.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/benchmark/benchmark.js b/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/benchmark/benchmark.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..a279d0987452
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/benchmark/benchmark.js
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/**
+* @license Apache-2.0
+*
+* Copyright (c) 2026 The Stdlib Authors.
+*
+* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+* You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+'use strict';
+
+// MODULES //
+
+var bench = require( '@stdlib/bench' );
+var isStringArray = require( '@stdlib/assert/is-string-array' ).primitives;
+var pkg = require( './../package.json' ).name;
+var penalties = require( './../lib' );
+
+
+// MAIN //
+
+bench( pkg, function benchmark( b ) {
+ var out;
+ var i;
+
+ b.tic();
+ for ( i = 0; i < b.iterations; i++ ) {
+ out = penalties();
+ if ( out.length < 2 ) {
+ b.fail( 'should return an array' );
+ }
+ }
+ b.toc();
+ if ( !isStringArray( out ) ) {
+ b.fail( 'should return an array of strings' );
+ }
+ b.pass( 'benchmark finished' );
+ b.end();
+});
diff --git a/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/docs/repl.txt b/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/docs/repl.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e10bf6c27f1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/docs/repl.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+
+{{alias}}()
+ Returns a list of SGD classification penalties.
+
+ The output array contains the following penalties:
+
+ - elasticnet: regularization method that linearly combines the L1 and L2
+ penalties of the lasso and ridge methods.
+ - l1: L1 regularization (also called LASSO) leads to sparse models by adding
+ a penalty based on the absolute value of coefficients.
+ - l2: L2 regularization (also called ridge regression) encourages smaller,
+ more evenly distributed weights by adding a penalty based on the square of
+ the coefficients.
+
+ Returns
+ -------
+ out: Array
+ List of penalties.
+
+ Examples
+ --------
+ > var out = {{alias}}()
+ [...]
+
+ See Also
+ --------
+
diff --git a/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/docs/types/index.d.ts b/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/docs/types/index.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..91661323d389
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/docs/types/index.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+* @license Apache-2.0
+*
+* Copyright (c) 2026 The Stdlib Authors.
+*
+* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+* You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+// TypeScript Version: 4.1
+
+/**
+* Returns a list of SGD classification penalties.
+*
+* @returns list of penalties
+*
+* @example
+* var list = penalties();
+* // e.g., returns [ 'elasticnet', 'l1', 'l2' ]
+*/
+declare function penalties(): Array;
+
+
+// EXPORTS //
+
+export = penalties;
diff --git a/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/docs/types/test.ts b/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/docs/types/test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c536e7fc758d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/docs/types/test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+* @license Apache-2.0
+*
+* Copyright (c) 2026 The Stdlib Authors.
+*
+* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+* You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+import penalties = require( './index' );
+
+
+// TESTS //
+
+// The function returns an array of strings...
+{
+ penalties(); // $ExpectType string[]
+}
+
+// The compiler throws an error if the function is provided any arguments...
+{
+ penalties( 9 ); // $ExpectError
+}
diff --git a/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/examples/index.js b/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/examples/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5d65a24f81e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/examples/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/**
+* @license Apache-2.0
+*
+* Copyright (c) 2026 The Stdlib Authors.
+*
+* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+* You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+'use strict';
+
+var contains = require( '@stdlib/array/base/assert/contains' ).factory;
+var penalties = require( './../lib' );
+
+var isPenalty = contains( penalties() );
+
+var bool = isPenalty( 'elasticnet' );
+console.log( bool );
+// => true
+
+bool = isPenalty( 'l1' );
+console.log( bool );
+// => true
+
+bool = isPenalty( 'beep' );
+console.log( bool );
+// => false
diff --git a/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/include/stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties.h b/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/include/stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..bcc858d31951
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/include/stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties.h
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/**
+* @license Apache-2.0
+*
+* Copyright (c) 2026 The Stdlib Authors.
+*
+* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+* You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+#ifndef STDLIB_ML_BASE_SGD_CLASSIFICATION_PENALTIES_H
+#define STDLIB_ML_BASE_SGD_CLASSIFICATION_PENALTIES_H
+
+/**
+* Enumeration of SGD classification penalties.
+*/
+enum STDLIB_ML_SGD_CLASSIFICATION_PENALTY {
+ // Regularization method that linearly combines the L1 and L2 penalties of the lasso and ridge methods:
+ STDLIB_ML_SGD_CLASSIFICATION_ELASTICNET = 0,
+
+ // L1 regularization (also called LASSO) leads to sparse models by adding a penalty based on the absolute value of coefficients:
+ STDLIB_ML_SGD_CLASSIFICATION_L1,
+
+ // L2 regularization (also called ridge regression) encourages smaller, more evenly distributed weights by adding a penalty based on the square of the coefficients:
+ STDLIB_ML_SGD_CLASSIFICATION_L2
+};
+
+#endif // !STDLIB_ML_BASE_SGD_CLASSIFICATION_PENALTIES_H
diff --git a/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/lib/data.json b/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/lib/data.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..fc80f4120168
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/lib/data.json
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+[
+ "elasticnet",
+ "l1",
+ "l2"
+]
diff --git a/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/lib/enum.js b/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/lib/enum.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..09b73316ab5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/node_modules/@stdlib/ml/base/sgd-classification/penalties/lib/enum.js
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/**
+* @license Apache-2.0
+*
+* Copyright (c) 2026 The Stdlib Authors.
+*
+* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+* You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+'use strict';
+
+// MAIN //
+
+/**
+* Returns an object mapping supported penalties to integer values for purposes of C inter-operation.
+*
+* ## Notes
+*
+* - Downstream consumers of this mapping should **not** rely on specific integer values (e.g., `ELASTICNET == 0`). Instead, the object should be used in an opaque manner.
+* - The main purpose of this function is JavaScript and C inter-operation.
+*
+* @returns {Object} object mapping supported penalties to integer values
+*
+* @example
+* var table = enumerated();
+* // returns