diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/core/application/delegated-api-scopes.ts b/apps/sim/lib/core/application/delegated-api-scopes.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e279bc0971f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/core/application/delegated-api-scopes.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { AsyncLocalStorage } from 'node:async_hooks'
+import type { OAuthApiScope } from '@/lib/auth/oauth-provider'
+
+const grantedScopes = new AsyncLocalStorage<readonly OAuthApiScope[]>()
+
+/**
+ * Runs `execute` with every delegated principal it authorizes holding only `scopes`, the way an
+ * OAuth token's grant bounds its user: `requireOAuthOperationScope` refuses an operation whose
+ * declared scope they do not satisfy, whatever role the principal's subject holds.
+ */
+export function withDelegatedApiScopes<T>(scopes: readonly OAuthApiScope[], execute: () => T): T {
+  return grantedScopes.run(Object.freeze([...scopes]), execute)
+}
+
+/** The scopes the current invocation grants its delegated principals, or none when unbounded. */
+export function delegatedApiScopes(): readonly OAuthApiScope[] | undefined {
+  return grantedScopes.getStore()
+}
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/core/application/oauth-authorization.ts b/apps/sim/lib/core/application/oauth-authorization.ts
index 453246db111..e131deb9573 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/core/application/oauth-authorization.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/core/application/oauth-authorization.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import type { Principal } from '@sim/auth/principal'
 import { type OAuthApiScope, oauthScopeSatisfies } from '@/lib/auth/oauth-provider'
+import { delegatedApiScopes } from '@/lib/core/application/delegated-api-scopes'
 import { ForbiddenOperationError } from '@/lib/core/application/forbidden'
 import type { ApplicationOperation } from '@/lib/core/application/operation'
 import { OrchestrationError } from '@/lib/core/orchestration/types'
@@ -18,17 +19,46 @@ export class OAuthAccessTokenExpiredError extends OrchestrationError {
   }
 }
 
-/** Enforces the client's grant independently of workspace membership and HTTP method. */
+/**
+ * Enforces the client's grant independently of workspace membership and HTTP method: an OAuth
+ * token's scopes, or those {@link withDelegatedApiScopes} grants a delegated principal. A
+ * delegated principal may still reach an operation that declares no scope, which is internal.
+ */
 export function requireOAuthOperationScope(
   principal: Principal,
   operation: ApplicationOperation
 ): void {
-  if (principal.kind !== 'oauth_access_token') return
-  if (principal.expiresAt.getTime() <= Date.now()) throw new OAuthAccessTokenExpiredError()
-  if (!operation.oauthScope) {
-    throw new Error(`Operation ${operation.id} has no OAuth scope policy`)
+  const granted = grantedApiScopes(principal)
+  if (!granted) return
+  if (principal.kind === 'oauth_access_token') {
+    if (principal.expiresAt.getTime() <= Date.now()) throw new OAuthAccessTokenExpiredError()
+    if (!operation.oauthScope) {
+      throw new Error(`Operation ${operation.id} has no OAuth scope policy`)
+    }
   }
-  if (!oauthScopeSatisfies(principal.scopes, operation.oauthScope)) {
+  if (operation.oauthScope && !oauthScopeSatisfies(granted, operation.oauthScope)) {
     throw new InsufficientScopeError(operation.oauthScope)
   }
 }
+
+/**
+ * Holds a change no scoped operation guards — an internal operation, or one authorized outside the
+ * operation layer — to the current {@link withDelegatedApiScopes} grant. Outside a grant it allows.
+ */
+export function requireDelegatedApiScope(scope: OAuthApiScope): void {
+  const granted = delegatedApiScopes()
+  if (granted && !oauthScopeSatisfies(granted, scope)) throw new InsufficientScopeError(scope)
+}
+
+function grantedApiScopes(principal: Principal): readonly string[] | undefined {
+  switch (principal.kind) {
+    case 'oauth_access_token':
+      return principal.scopes
+    case 'delegated':
+    case 'resource_delegated':
+    case 'organization_delegated':
+      return delegatedApiScopes()
+    default:
+      return undefined
+  }
+}
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/mothership/agent-cli/index.ts b/apps/sim/lib/mothership/agent-cli/index.ts
index 867223594fa..a9d16d0c39c 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/mothership/agent-cli/index.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/mothership/agent-cli/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
+import { OAUTH_API_READ_SCOPE } from '@/lib/auth/oauth-provider'
 import { countWithheldContent } from '@/lib/core/application'
+import { withDelegatedApiScopes } from '@/lib/core/application/delegated-api-scopes'
 import { executeFileCopyCliRequest } from '@/lib/mothership/agent-cli/file-copy'
 import { isReadOnlyCliRequest } from '@/lib/mothership/agent-cli/read-only'
 import { executeAgentCliService } from '@/lib/mothership/agent-cli/services'
@@ -10,6 +12,8 @@ import type { ServerToolContext } from '@/lib/mothership/tools/server/base-tool'
 
 export interface AgentCliExecutionContext extends Omit<ServerToolContext, 'abortSignal'> {
   readOnly?: boolean
+  /** Null when the run has no caller of its own, as for an unattributed inbox message. */
+  secretActorUserId?: string | null
   signal?: AbortSignal
 }
 
@@ -18,8 +22,12 @@ export async function executeAgentCliRequest(
   request: AgentCliRequest,
   context: AgentCliExecutionContext
 ): Promise<AgentCliRawResult> {
+  const execute = () => executeUncountedAgentCliRequest(request, context)
+  // Commands authorize the subject's live role; a callerless inbox run's subject is the owner.
   const { result, withheld } = await countWithheldContent(() =>
-    executeUncountedAgentCliRequest(request, context)
+    context.secretActorUserId === null
+      ? withDelegatedApiScopes([OAUTH_API_READ_SCOPE], execute)
+      : execute()
   )
   const note = describeWithheldContent(withheld)
   if (!note) return result
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/mothership/agent-cli/project-file-read.integration.ts b/apps/sim/lib/mothership/agent-cli/project-file-read.integration.ts
index f22b4adc8e1..d2e0293bcb3 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/mothership/agent-cli/project-file-read.integration.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/mothership/agent-cli/project-file-read.integration.ts
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import {
   permissions,
   user,
   userStats,
+  workflow,
   workspace,
   workspaceFileSearchBuild,
   workspaceFileSearchChunk,
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ import { setUploadDirServer, uploadsSetupMock } from '@sim/testing/mocks/uploads
 import { getErrorMessage } from '@sim/utils/errors'
 import { generateId } from '@sim/utils/id'
 import { Document, Packer, Paragraph } from 'docx'
-import { eq, inArray, or } from 'drizzle-orm'
+import { and, eq, inArray, or } from 'drizzle-orm'
 import sharp from 'sharp'
 import { afterAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
 
@@ -42,8 +43,13 @@ import { encryptSecret } from '@/lib/core/security/encryption'
 import { type AgentCliExecutionContext, executeAgentCliRequest } from '@/lib/mothership/agent-cli'
 import { createCopilotResourceAdmission } from '@/lib/mothership/auth/application-delegation'
 import { createRegistryContentGate } from '@/lib/mothership/content-delivery'
-import type { AgentCliAugmentationInvocation } from '@/lib/mothership/generated/agent-cli'
+import {
+  type AgentCliAugmentationInvocation,
+  AgentCliRawResult,
+} from '@/lib/mothership/generated/agent-cli'
 import { projectToolResultForCopilot } from '@/lib/mothership/request/tools/resolved-secret-result'
+import type { ToolExecutionContext } from '@/lib/mothership/tool-executor/types'
+import { executeSimCli } from '@/lib/mothership/tools/handlers/sim-cli'
 import { createProjectFile } from '@/lib/projects/files/application'
 import { storeCompiledDoc } from '@/lib/uploads/documents/compiled-store'
 import { fileDocumentInputIdentity } from '@/lib/uploads/documents/input-identity'
@@ -54,6 +60,7 @@ import { ResolvedSecretTraceRegistry } from '@/executor/utils/resolved-secret-tr
 const storageRoot = mkdtempSync(join(tmpdir(), 'sim-project-cli-reads-'))
 setUploadDirServer(storageRoot)
 const fixtures: { userId: string; workspaceId: string; projectId: string }[] = []
+const memberIds: string[] = []
 const checks: { name: string; status: 'passed' | 'failed'; durationMs: number; error?: string }[] =
   []
 
@@ -81,39 +88,32 @@ function check(name: string, run: () => Promise<void>, requiresRedis = false) {
   })
 }
 
-async function fixture() {
+async function insertUser(name: string) {
   const userId = generateId()
-  const workspaceId = generateId()
   await db.insert(user).values({
     id: userId,
     email: `${userId}@project-read.invalid`,
-    name: 'File reader',
+    name,
     emailVerified: true,
     createdAt: new Date(),
     updatedAt: new Date(),
   })
   await db.insert(userStats).values({ id: generateId(), userId })
-  await insertWorkspaceFixture(db, {
-    id: workspaceId,
-    ownerId: userId,
-    billedAccountUserId: userId,
-    name: 'Read environment',
-  })
-  await db.insert(permissions).values({
+  return userId
+}
+
+function grantWorkspace(userId: string, workspaceId: string, permissionType: 'admin' | 'read') {
+  return db.insert(permissions).values({
     id: generateId(),
     userId,
     entityType: 'workspace',
     entityId: workspaceId,
-    permissionType: 'admin',
+    permissionType,
   })
-  const [binding] = await db
-    .select({ projectId: workspace.projectId })
-    .from(workspace)
-    .where(eq(workspace.id, workspaceId))
-  if (!binding?.projectId) throw new Error('Project fixture missing')
-  const ids = { userId, workspaceId, projectId: binding.projectId }
-  fixtures.push(ids)
-  const context: AgentCliExecutionContext = {
+}
+
+function cliContext(userId: string, workspaceId: string): AgentCliExecutionContext {
+  return {
     userId,
     workspaceId,
     requestMode: 'agent',
@@ -125,6 +125,26 @@ async function fixture() {
     }),
     resolvedSecretTraceRegistry: new ResolvedSecretTraceRegistry([], { userId, workspaceId }),
   }
+}
+
+async function fixture() {
+  const userId = await insertUser('File reader')
+  const workspaceId = generateId()
+  await insertWorkspaceFixture(db, {
+    id: workspaceId,
+    ownerId: userId,
+    billedAccountUserId: userId,
+    name: 'Read environment',
+  })
+  await grantWorkspace(userId, workspaceId, 'admin')
+  const [binding] = await db
+    .select({ projectId: workspace.projectId })
+    .from(workspace)
+    .where(eq(workspace.id, workspaceId))
+  if (!binding?.projectId) throw new Error('Project fixture missing')
+  const ids = { userId, workspaceId, projectId: binding.projectId }
+  fixtures.push(ids)
+  const context = cliContext(userId, workspaceId)
   const principal = createSessionPrincipal({ userId })
   return { ...ids, context, principal }
 }
@@ -272,6 +292,137 @@ check('benchmark reference generation cannot create Project files', async () =>
   expect(await stored()).toHaveLength(1)
 })
 
+function simCli(
+  argv: string[],
+  context: ToolExecutionContext,
+  fileOwner?: { entityType: 'project'; entityId: string }
+) {
+  return executeSimCli(
+    { request: { ...(fileOwner ? { fileOwner } : {}), invocation: { kind: 'cli', argv } } },
+    context
+  )
+}
+
+check('sim_cli for a callerless run holds only the read API scopes', async () => {
+  const f = await fixture()
+  const name = `capped-${generateId()}`
+  const ownerFallback = { ...f.context, workflowId: '', secretActorUserId: null }
+  // In-band calls carry no `userPermission`, only the run's recorded callerless authority.
+  const contexts: ToolExecutionContext[] = [
+    { ...ownerFallback, userPermission: 'read' },
+    ownerFallback,
+  ]
+  const project = { entityType: 'project', entityId: f.projectId } as const
+  const writes: Array<[string[], typeof project | undefined]> = [
+    [['workflows', 'create', '--name', name], undefined],
+    [['projects', 'files', 'create', f.projectId, '--name', name, '--content', 'x'], project],
+    [['secrets', 'set', 'CAPPED', '--scope', 'personal', '--value', 'v'], undefined],
+  ]
+  const workflows = () =>
+    db
+      .select({ id: workflow.id })
+      .from(workflow)
+      .where(and(eq(workflow.workspaceId, f.workspaceId), eq(workflow.name, name)))
+  const projectFiles = () =>
+    db
+      .select({ id: workspaceFiles.id })
+      .from(workspaceFiles)
+      .where(eq(workspaceFiles.originalName, name))
+
+  for (const context of contexts) {
+    for (const [argv, owner] of writes) {
+      const refused = await simCli(argv, context, owner)
+      expect(refused.success).toBe(false)
+      expect(AgentCliRawResult.parse(refused.output).stderr).toContain('api:write')
+    }
+    const read = await simCli(['workflows', 'list', '--output', 'json'], context)
+    expect(read.success, read.error).toBe(true)
+  }
+  expect(await workflows()).toEqual([])
+  expect(await projectFiles()).toEqual([])
+
+  const attributed: ToolExecutionContext = {
+    ...f.context,
+    workflowId: '',
+    userPermission: 'admin',
+    secretActorUserId: f.userId,
+  }
+  for (const [argv, owner] of writes) {
+    const written = await simCli(argv, attributed, owner)
+    expect(written.success, written.error).toBe(true)
+  }
+  expect(await workflows()).toHaveLength(1)
+  expect(await projectFiles()).toHaveLength(1)
+})
+
+check('sim_cli services for a callerless run refuse the writes they route', async () => {
+  const f = await fixture()
+  const service = (name: string, input: Record<string, unknown>, context: ToolExecutionContext) =>
+    executeSimCli({ request: { invocation: { kind: 'service', name, input } } }, context)
+  const inboxSecretScope = async () =>
+    (
+      await db
+        .select({ scope: workspace.inboxSecretScope })
+        .from(workspace)
+        .where(eq(workspace.id, f.workspaceId))
+    )[0]?.scope
+  const before = await inboxSecretScope()
+  const widen = before === 'all' ? 'selected' : 'all'
+  const writes: Array<[string, Record<string, unknown>]> = [
+    [
+      'settings',
+      { scope: 'workspace', action: 'update', section: 'inbox', changes: { secretScope: widen } },
+    ],
+  ]
+
+  const callerless: ToolExecutionContext = { ...f.context, workflowId: '', secretActorUserId: null }
+  for (const [name, input] of writes) {
+    const refused = await service(name, input, callerless)
+    expect(refused.success).toBe(false)
+    expect(refused.error).toContain('api:write')
+  }
+  expect(await inboxSecretScope()).toBe(before)
+  const read = await service(
+    'settings',
+    { scope: 'workspace', action: 'get', section: 'inbox' },
+    callerless
+  )
+  expect(read.success, read.error).toBe(true)
+
+  const attributed: ToolExecutionContext = {
+    ...f.context,
+    workflowId: '',
+    userPermission: 'admin',
+    secretActorUserId: f.userId,
+  }
+  for (const [name, input] of writes) {
+    const written = await service(name, input, attributed)
+    expect(written.success, `${name}: ${written.error}`).toBe(true)
+  }
+  expect(await inboxSecretScope()).toBe(widen)
+})
+
+check('sim_cli for a read-only member keeps what that role allows', async () => {
+  const f = await fixture()
+  const memberId = await insertUser('Read member')
+  memberIds.push(memberId)
+  await grantWorkspace(memberId, f.workspaceId, 'read')
+  const member: ToolExecutionContext = {
+    ...cliContext(memberId, f.workspaceId),
+    workflowId: '',
+    userPermission: 'read',
+  }
+
+  const personalSecret = await simCli(
+    ['secrets', 'set', 'MEMBER', '--scope', 'personal', '--value', 'v'],
+    member
+  )
+  expect(personalSecret.success, personalSecret.error).toBe(true)
+  const workflowCreate = await simCli(['workflows', 'create', '--name', 'x'], member)
+  expect(workflowCreate.success).toBe(false)
+  expect(AgentCliRawResult.parse(workflowCreate.output).stderr).not.toContain('api:write')
+})
+
 check('Project grep matches public bytes while excluding classified secret text', async () => {
   const f = await fixture()
   const secret = 'synthetic-project-grep-canary'
@@ -771,6 +922,7 @@ afterAll(async () => {
     await deleteWorkspaceFixture(db, eq(workspace.id, f.workspaceId))
     await db.delete(user).where(eq(user.id, f.userId))
   }
+  if (memberIds.length) await db.delete(user).where(inArray(user.id, memberIds))
   await rm(storageRoot, { recursive: true, force: true })
   const report = process.env.PROJECT_FILE_READ_REPORT_PATH ?? 'test-results/project-file-read.json'
   await mkdir(dirname(report), { recursive: true })
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/handlers/sim-cli.ts b/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/handlers/sim-cli.ts
index f188468b19f..25c43f1eac4 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/handlers/sim-cli.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/handlers/sim-cli.ts
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ export async function executeSimCli(
       messageId: context.messageId,
       parentToolCallId: context.parentToolCallId,
       userPermission: context.userPermission,
+      secretActorUserId: context.secretActorUserId,
       resolvedSecretTraceRegistry: context.resolvedSecretTraceRegistry,
       readOnly: context.benchmark === 'distill',
     })
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/base-tool.ts b/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/base-tool.ts
index 146fd76afbe..7bf89cf7f01 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/base-tool.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/base-tool.ts
@@ -68,4 +68,6 @@ export interface BaseServerTool<TArgs = unknown, TResult = unknown> {
   inputSchema?: z.ZodType<TArgs>
   /** Optional Zod schema for output validation */
   outputSchema?: z.ZodType<TResult>
+  /** Whether these validated arguments change stored data; a delegated read grant refuses them. */
+  writes?(args: TArgs): boolean
 }
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/dashboards.ts b/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/dashboards.ts
index 61c53d14238..09459f2fb28 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/dashboards.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/dashboards.ts
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ function workspaceFor(input: { workspaceId?: string }, context?: ServerToolConte
 export const dashboardsServerTool: BaseServerTool = {
   name: 'dashboards',
   inputSchema: mothershipDashboardsInputSchema,
+  writes: (args) => mothershipDashboardsInputSchema.parse(args).action === 'set',
   async execute(raw, context) {
     const input = mothershipDashboardsInputSchema.parse(raw)
     const workspaceId = workspaceFor(input, context)
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/router.ts b/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/router.ts
index eafccac8e7c..918d2c300e2 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/router.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/router.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ import { createLogger } from '@sim/logger'
 import { isRecordLike } from '@sim/utils/object'
 import { z } from 'zod'
 import { getValidationErrorMessage, isZodError } from '@/lib/api/server/validation'
+import { OAUTH_API_WRITE_SCOPE } from '@/lib/auth/oauth-provider'
+import { requireDelegatedApiScope } from '@/lib/core/application/oauth-authorization'
 import { OrchestrationError } from '@/lib/core/orchestration/types'
 import {
   Ffmpeg,
@@ -156,6 +158,7 @@ export async function routeExecution(
   }
 
   assertServerToolNotAborted(context, `User stop signal aborted ${toolName} after validation`)
+  if (tool.writes?.(args)) requireDelegatedApiScope(OAUTH_API_WRITE_SCOPE)
 
   // Execute. None of the remaining tools resolve blocks or gate discovery, so the old
   // custom-block-overlay / block-visibility ALS scopes are gone with the tools that
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/search-sources.ts b/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/search-sources.ts
index fef87232f34..08bc83ee822 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/search-sources.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/search-sources.ts
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ export const organizationSearchSourcesServerTool: BaseServerTool<
   name: 'search_sources',
   inputSchema: organizationSearchSourcesInputSchema,
   outputSchema: organizationSearchSourcesOutputSchema,
+  writes: (args) => args.action === 'approve',
   async execute(args, context) {
     if (context?.requestMode !== 'agent' && context?.requestMode !== 'plan')
       throw new OrchestrationError('forbidden', 'Search source controls require Mothership')
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/settings.ts b/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/settings.ts
index a769a8bb7d2..ccd509b7189 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/settings.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/settings.ts
@@ -356,6 +356,10 @@ function settingsRefresh(context: SettingsContext, section: string): ResourceCha
 export const settingsServerTool: BaseServerTool<MothershipSettingsInput> = {
   name: 'settings',
   inputSchema: mothershipSettingsInputSchema,
+  writes: (input) =>
+    input.action === 'update' ||
+    (input.action === 'execute' &&
+      settingsOperations[`${input.scope}/${input.section}`]?.[input.operation]?.effect === 'write'),
   async execute(raw, context) {
     const input = mothershipSettingsInputSchema.parse(raw)
     const target = await resolveSettingsContext(input.scope, context, input.workspaceId)
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/tests.ts b/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/tests.ts
index 531836f9100..5c7c0007b5c 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/tests.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/tests.ts
@@ -46,9 +46,12 @@ function failures(report: TestReport | null) {
     })
 }
 
+const TEST_READ_ACTIONS = new Set(['list', 'get'])
+
 export const testsServerTool: BaseServerTool = {
   name: 'tests',
   inputSchema: mothershipTestsInputSchema,
+  writes: (args) => !TEST_READ_ACTIONS.has(mothershipTestsInputSchema.parse(args).action),
   async execute(raw, context) {
     const input = mothershipTestsInputSchema.parse(raw)
     const workspaceId = workspaceFor(input, context)
diff --git a/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/workspaces.ts b/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/workspaces.ts
index 2ae7ba76097..6bfb74291e3 100644
--- a/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/workspaces.ts
+++ b/apps/sim/lib/mothership/tools/server/workspaces.ts
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import { createOrganizationWorkspace } from '@/lib/workspaces/application/create
 export const workspacesServerTool: BaseServerTool = {
   name: 'workspaces',
   inputSchema: mothershipWorkspacesInputSchema,
+  writes: () => true,
   async execute(raw, context) {
     try {
       const { action: _action, ...input } = mothershipWorkspacesInputSchema.parse(raw)