gh-158918: Reduce C stack usage of _PyModule_IsPossiblyShadowing. (GH-158919)

Reduce C stack usage of `_PyModule_IsPossiblyShadowing`, which could
potentially cause stack overflows during module attribute access while
deeply recursing in agressively optimized builds.
(cherry picked from commit 53be7d4)

Co-authored-by: T. Wouters <thomas@python.org>

Author: Yhg1s

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core_and_Builtins/2026-10-06-14-12-49.gh-issue-158918.TDVkZx.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Reduce C stack usage of ``_PyModule_IsPossiblyShadowing``, which could
+potentially cause stack overflows during module attribute access while
+deeply recursing in agressively optimized builds.

Objects/moduleobject.c

@@ -922,6 +922,10 @@ _PyModuleSpec_GetFileOrigin(PyObject *spec, PyObject **p_origin)
 int
 _PyModule_IsPossiblyShadowing(PyObject *origin)
 {
+    int result = 0;
+    wchar_t *root = NULL;
+    wchar_t *sys_path_0_buf = NULL;
+
     // origin must be a unicode subtype
     // Returns 1 if the module at origin could be shadowing a module of the
     // same name later in the module search path. The condition we check is basically:
@@ -940,46 +944,52 @@ _PyModule_IsPossiblyShadowing(PyObject *origin)
     }
 
     // root = os.path.dirname(origin.removesuffix(os.sep + "__init__.py"))
-    wchar_t root[MAXPATHLEN + 1];
-    Py_ssize_t size = PyUnicode_AsWideChar(origin, root, MAXPATHLEN);
-    if (size < 0) {
+    root = PyUnicode_AsWideCharString(origin, NULL);
+    if (root == NULL) {
         return -1;
     }
-    assert(size <= MAXPATHLEN);
-    root[size] = L'\0';
 
     wchar_t *sep = wcsrchr(root, SEP);
     if (sep == NULL) {
-        return 0;
+        goto done;
     }
     // If it's a package then we need to look one directory further up
     if (wcscmp(sep + 1, L"__init__.py") == 0) {
         *sep = L'\0';
         sep = wcsrchr(root, SEP);
         if (sep == NULL) {
-            return 0;
+            goto done;
         }
     }
     *sep = L'\0';
 
     // sys.path[0] or os.getcwd()
     wchar_t *sys_path_0 = config->sys_path_0;
     if (!sys_path_0) {
-        return 0;
+        goto done;
     }
 
-    wchar_t sys_path_0_buf[MAXPATHLEN];
     if (sys_path_0[0] == L'\0') {
         // if sys.path[0] == "", treat it as if it were the current directory
+        sys_path_0_buf = PyMem_Malloc(MAXPATHLEN * sizeof(wchar_t));
+        if (sys_path_0_buf == NULL) {
+            PyErr_NoMemory();
+            result = -1;
+            goto done;
+        }
         if (!_Py_wgetcwd(sys_path_0_buf, MAXPATHLEN)) {
             // If we failed to getcwd, don't raise an exception and instead
             // let the caller proceed assuming no shadowing
-            return 0;
+            goto done;
         }
         sys_path_0 = sys_path_0_buf;
     }
 
-    int result = wcscmp(sys_path_0, root) == 0;
+    result = (wcscmp(sys_path_0, root) == 0);
+
+done:
+    PyMem_Free(root);
+    PyMem_Free(sys_path_0_buf);
     return result;
 }