diff --git a/agentmain.py b/agentmain.py
index 90ba952f5..e6e06b356 100644
--- a/agentmain.py
+++ b/agentmain.py
@@ -60,14 +60,14 @@ def load_llm_sessions(self):
         mykeys, changed = reload_mykeys()
         if not changed and hasattr(self, 'llmclients'): return
         try: oldhistory = self.llmclient.backend.history
-        except: oldhistory = None
+        except Exception: oldhistory = None
         llm_sessions = []
         for k, cfg in mykeys.items():
             if not any(x in k for x in ['api', 'config', 'cookie']): continue
             try:
                 if 'mixin' in k: llm_sessions += [{'mixin_cfg': cfg}]
                 elif c := resolve_client(k): llm_sessions += [c]
-            except: pass
+            except Exception: pass
         for i, s in enumerate(llm_sessions):
             if isinstance(s, dict) and 'mixin_cfg' in s:
                 try:
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ def next_llm(self, n=-1):
         lastc = self.llmclient
         self.llmclient = self.llmclients[self.llm_no]
         try: self.llmclient.backend.history = lastc.backend.history
-        except: raise Exception('[ERROR] BAD Mixin config: Check your mykey.py')
+        except Exception: raise Exception('[ERROR] BAD Mixin config: Check your mykey.py')
         self.llmclient.last_tools = ''
         name = self.get_llm_name(model=True)
         if 'glm' in name or 'minimax' in name or 'kimi' in name: load_tool_schema('_cn')
diff --git a/assets/code_run_header.py b/assets/code_run_header.py
index 59fb3416b..e7b268277 100644
--- a/assets/code_run_header.py
+++ b/assets/code_run_header.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ def _d(b):
     if not b: return ''
     if isinstance(b, str): return b
     try: return b.decode()
-    except: return b.decode('gbk', 'replace')
+    except Exception: return b.decode('gbk', 'replace')
 def _run(*a, **k):
     t = k.pop('text', 0) | k.pop('universal_newlines', 0)
     enc = k.pop('encoding', None)
diff --git a/frontends/qtapp.py b/frontends/qtapp.py
index 5e40a9c3f..0eb9c9fd3 100644
--- a/frontends/qtapp.py
+++ b/frontends/qtapp.py
@@ -707,7 +707,7 @@ def __init__(self, text: str, role: str, parent=None, on_resend=None, on_delete=
                     time_lbl = QLabel(dt.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"))
                     time_lbl.setStyleSheet("color: #a1a1aa; font-size: 11px; background: transparent;")
                     alayout.addWidget(time_lbl)
-                except:
+                except Exception:
                     pass
 
             self._action_row.hide()
@@ -791,7 +791,7 @@ def __init__(self, text: str, role: str, parent=None, on_resend=None, on_delete=
                     time_lbl = QLabel(dt.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"))
                     time_lbl.setStyleSheet("color: #a1a1aa; font-size: 11px; background: transparent;")
                     alayout.addWidget(time_lbl)
-                except:
+                except Exception:
                     pass
 
             self._action_row.hide()
diff --git a/frontends/stapp.py b/frontends/stapp.py
index 29b8951e5..9e0bdc901 100644
--- a/frontends/stapp.py
+++ b/frontends/stapp.py
@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@
 if sys.stdout is None: sys.stdout = open(os.devnull, "w")
 if sys.stderr is None: sys.stderr = open(os.devnull, "w")
 try: sys.stdout.reconfigure(errors='replace')
-except: pass
+except Exception: pass
 try: sys.stderr.reconfigure(errors='replace')
-except: pass
+except Exception: pass
 script_dir = os.path.dirname(__file__)
 sys.path.append(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(script_dir, '..')))
 sys.path.append(os.path.abspath(script_dir))
diff --git a/frontends/stapp2.py b/frontends/stapp2.py
index 1d7968f5d..47df57ae2 100644
--- a/frontends/stapp2.py
+++ b/frontends/stapp2.py
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 if sys.stdout is None: sys.stdout = open(os.devnull, "w")
 if sys.stderr is None: sys.stderr = open(os.devnull, "w")
 try: sys.stdout.reconfigure(errors='replace')
-except: pass
+except Exception: pass
 try: sys.stderr.reconfigure(errors='replace')
-except: pass
+except Exception: pass
 sys.path.append(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..')))
 
 import streamlit as st
diff --git a/frontends/tgapp.py b/frontends/tgapp.py
index ea3b3a1a9..7247c900a 100644
--- a/frontends/tgapp.py
+++ b/frontends/tgapp.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
     from telegram.ext import ApplicationBuilder, CallbackQueryHandler, MessageHandler, filters, ContextTypes
     from telegram.helpers import escape_markdown
     from telegram.request import HTTPXRequest
-except:
+except Exception:
     print("Please ask the agent install python-telegram-bot to use telegram module.")
     sys.exit(1)
 from chatapp_common import (
diff --git a/frontends/wechatapp.py b/frontends/wechatapp.py
index aff57bf16..8b09c5f11 100644
--- a/frontends/wechatapp.py
+++ b/frontends/wechatapp.py
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ def _keep_typing():
             if not ticket: return
             while not _typing_stop.is_set():
                 try: bot.send_typing(uid, ticket)
-                except: pass
+                except Exception: pass
                 _typing_stop.wait(2.0)
         threading.Thread(target=_keep_typing, daemon=True).start()
         result = ''; sent = 0; mi = 0; last_send = 0; item = {}
diff --git a/ga.py b/ga.py
index 2f1f1442a..e1b525936 100644
--- a/ga.py
+++ b/ga.py
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ def stream_reader(proc, logs):
                 except UnicodeDecodeError: line = line_bytes.decode('gbk', errors='ignore')
                 logs.append(line)
                 try: print(line, end="") 
-                except: pass
-        except: pass
+                except Exception: pass
+        except Exception: pass
 
     try:
         process = subprocess.Popen(
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ def log_memory_access(path):
     stats_file = os.path.join(script_dir, 'memory/file_access_stats.json')
     try:
         with open(stats_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f: stats = json.load(f)
-    except: stats = {}
+    except Exception: stats = {}
     fname = os.path.basename(path)
     stats[fname] = {'count': stats.get(fname, {}).get('count', 0) + 1, 'last': datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d')}
     with open(stats_file, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f: json.dump(stats, f, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ def do_code_run(self, args, response):
             code = self._extract_code_block(response, code_type)
             if not code: return StepOutcome("[Error] Code missing. Must use reply code block or 'script' arg.", next_prompt="\n")
         try: timeout = int(args.get("timeout", 60))
-        except: timeout = 60
+        except Exception: timeout = 60
         raw_path = os.path.join(self.cwd, args.get("cwd", './'))
         cwd = os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(raw_path))
         code_cwd = os.path.normpath(self.cwd)
@@ -348,10 +348,10 @@ def do_web_execute_js(self, args, response):
             try:
                 with open(abs_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f: f.write(str(content))
                 result["js_return"] += f"\n\n[已保存完整内容到 {abs_path}]"
-            except: result['js_return'] += f"\n\n[保存失败，无法写入文件 {abs_path}]"
+            except Exception: result['js_return'] += f"\n\n[保存失败，无法写入文件 {abs_path}]"
         show = smart_format(json.dumps(result, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2, default=json_default), max_str_len=300)
         try: print("Web Execute JS Result:", show)
-        except: pass
+        except Exception: pass
         yield f"JS 执行结果:\n{show}\n"
         next_prompt = self._get_anchor_prompt(skip=args.get('_index', 0) > 0)
         result = json.dumps(result, ensure_ascii=False, default=json_default)
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ def enter_plan_mode(self, plan_path):
     def _check_plan_completion(self):
         if not os.path.isfile(p:=self._in_plan_mode() or ''): return None
         try: return len(re.findall(r'\[ \]', open(p, encoding='utf-8', errors='replace').read()))
-        except: return None
+        except Exception: return None
     
     def do_update_working_checkpoint(self, args, response):
         '''为整个任务设定后续需要临时记忆的重点。'''
@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ def _get_anchor_prompt(self, skip=False):
         if self.working.get('related_sop'): prompt += f"\n有不清晰的地方请再次读取{self.working.get('related_sop')}"
         if getattr(self.parent, 'verbose', False):
             try: print(prompt)
-            except: pass
+            except Exception: pass
         return prompt
     
     def turn_end_callback(self, response, tool_calls, tool_results, turn, next_prompt, exit_reason):
diff --git a/llmcore.py b/llmcore.py
index 4562893fa..b1e6c0f88 100644
--- a/llmcore.py
+++ b/llmcore.py
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ def reload_mykeys():
         print(f'[Info] Load mykeys from {_mykey_path}')
         globals().update(mykeys=mk)
         return mk, True
-    except: return globals().get('mykeys', {}), False
+    except Exception: return globals().get('mykeys', {}), False
 
 def __getattr__(name):  # once guard in PEP 562
     if name == 'mykeys': return reload_mykeys()[0]
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ def _parse_claude_sse(resp_lines):
             if current_block:
                 if current_block["type"] == "tool_use":
                     try: current_block["input"] = json.loads(tool_json_buf) if tool_json_buf else {}
-                    except: current_block["input"] = {"_raw": tool_json_buf}
+                    except Exception: current_block["input"] = {"_raw": tool_json_buf}
                 content_blocks.append(current_block)
                 current_block = None
         elif evt_type == "message_delta":
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ def _parse_claude_sse(resp_lines):
     if current_block:
         if current_block["type"] == "tool_use":
             try: current_block["input"] = json.loads(tool_json_buf) if tool_json_buf else {}
-            except: current_block["input"] = {"_raw": tool_json_buf}
+            except Exception: current_block["input"] = {"_raw": tool_json_buf}
         content_blocks.append(current_block); current_block = None
     if warn:
         print(f"[WARN] {warn.strip()}")
@@ -194,13 +194,13 @@ def _try_parse_tool_args(raw):
     Returns list of parsed dicts."""
     if not raw: return [{}]
     try: return [json.loads(raw)]
-    except: pass
+    except Exception: pass
     parts = re.split(r'(?<=\})(?=\{)', raw)
     if len(parts) > 1:
         parsed = []
         for p in parts:
             try: parsed.append(json.loads(p))
-            except: return [{"_raw": raw}]
+            except Exception: return [{"_raw": raw}]
         return parsed
     return [{"_raw": raw}]
 
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ def _parse_openai_sse(resp_lines, api_mode="chat_completions"):
             data_str = line[5:].lstrip()
             if data_str == "[DONE]": break
             try: evt = json.loads(data_str)
-            except: continue
+            except Exception: continue
             etype = evt.get("type", "")
             if etype == "response.output_text.delta":
                 delta = evt.get("delta", "")
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ def _parse_openai_sse(resp_lines, api_mode="chat_completions"):
             data_str = line[5:].lstrip()
             if data_str == "[DONE]": break
             try: evt = json.loads(data_str)
-            except: continue
+            except Exception: continue
             ch = (evt.get("choices") or [{}])[0]
             delta = ch.get("delta") or {}
             if delta.get("reasoning_content"):
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ def _parse_openai_json(data, api_mode="chat_completions"):
                         blocks.append({"type": "text", "text": p["text"]}); yield p["text"]
             elif item.get("type") == "function_call":
                 try: args = json.loads(item.get("arguments", "")) if item.get("arguments") else {}
-                except: args = {"_raw": item.get("arguments", "")}
+                except Exception: args = {"_raw": item.get("arguments", "")}
                 blocks.append({"type": "tool_use", "id": item.get("call_id", item.get("id", "")),
                                "name": item.get("name", ""), "input": args})
     else:
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ def _parse_openai_json(data, api_mode="chat_completions"):
         for tc in (msg.get("tool_calls") or []):
             fn = tc.get("function", {})
             try: args = json.loads(fn.get("arguments", "")) if fn.get("arguments") else {}
-            except: args = {"_raw": fn.get("arguments", "")}
+            except Exception: args = {"_raw": fn.get("arguments", "")}
             blocks.append({"type": "tool_use", "id": tc.get("id", ""), "name": fn.get("name", ""), "input": args})
     return blocks
 
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ def _stream_with_retry(sess, url, headers, payload, parse_fn):
     _RETRYABLE = {408, 409, 425, 429, 500, 502, 503, 504, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 529}
     def _delay(resp, attempt):
         try: ra = float((resp.headers or {}).get("retry-after"))
-        except: ra = None
+        except Exception: ra = None
         return max(0.5, ra if ra is not None else min(30.0, 1.5 * (2 ** attempt)))
     for attempt in range(sess.max_retries + 1):
         streamed = False
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ def _delay(resp, attempt):
                         print(f"[LLM Retry] HTTP {r.status_code}, retry in {d:.1f}s ({attempt+1}/{sess.max_retries+1})")
                         time.sleep(d); continue
                     try: body = r.text.strip()[:500]
-                    except: body = ""
+                    except Exception: body = ""
                     err = f"!!!Error: HTTP {r.status_code}" + (f": {body}" if body else "")
                     yield err; return [{"type": "text", "text": err}]
                 gen = parse_fn(r)
@@ -868,7 +868,7 @@ def _parse_mixed_response(self, text):
                 except json.JSONDecodeError:
                     errors.append(f'Failed to parse tool_use JSON: {json_str[:200]}')
                     self.last_tools = ''
-                except: pass
+                except Exception: pass
             if not tool_calls:
                 for e in errors:
                     print(f"[Warn] {e}"); tool_calls.append(MockToolCall('bad_json', {'msg': e}))
@@ -884,7 +884,7 @@ def _parse_text_tool_calls(content):
             idx = content.index(_jp); raw = json.loads(content[idx:])
             tcs = [MockToolCall(b["name"], b.get("input", {}), id=b.get("id", "")) for b in raw if b.get("type") == "tool_use"]
             return tcs, content[:idx].strip()
-        except: pass
+        except Exception: pass
     # try XML tags: <tool_call>{"name":..., "arguments":...}</tool_call>
     _xp = r"<(?:tool_use|tool_call)>((?:(?!<(?:tool_use|tool_call)>).){15,}?)</(?:tool_use|tool_call)>"
     for s in re.findall(_xp, content, re.DOTALL):
@@ -892,7 +892,7 @@ def _parse_text_tool_calls(content):
             d = tryparse(s.strip()); name = d.get('name')
             args = d.get('arguments') or d.get('args') or d.get('input') or {}
             if name: tcs.append(MockToolCall(name, args))
-        except: pass
+        except Exception: pass
     if tcs: content = re.sub(_xp, "", content, flags=re.DOTALL).strip()
     return tcs, content
 
@@ -916,12 +916,12 @@ def _write_llm_log(label, content, log_path=None):
 
 def tryparse(json_str):
     try: return json.loads(json_str)
-    except: pass
+    except Exception: pass
     json_str = json_str.strip().strip('`').replace('json\n', '', 1).strip()
     try: return json.loads(json_str)
-    except: pass
+    except Exception: pass
     try: return json.loads(json_str[:-1])
-    except: pass
+    except Exception: pass
     if '}' in json_str: json_str = json_str[:json_str.rfind('}') + 1]
     return json.loads(json_str)
 
diff --git a/memory/autonomous_operation_sop/helper.py b/memory/autonomous_operation_sop/helper.py
index 14a68a655..921c53ca3 100644
--- a/memory/autonomous_operation_sop/helper.py
+++ b/memory/autonomous_operation_sop/helper.py
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ def complete_task(taskname: str, historyline: str, report_path: str) -> str:
         # 回滚：把报告移回去
         try:
             shutil.move(str(dest_path), str(report))
-        except:
+        except Exception:
             pass
         return f"[ERROR] 写入 history 失败: {e}（报告已回滚）"
 
diff --git a/memory/ljqCtrl.py b/memory/ljqCtrl.py
index cfc933a7a..f94665227 100644
--- a/memory/ljqCtrl.py
+++ b/memory/ljqCtrl.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 try:
 	from PIL import ImageGrab, Image, ImageEnhance, ImageFilter, ImageDraw
 	import cv2
-except: pass
+except Exception: pass
 
 _hdc = ctypes.windll.user32.GetDC(0)
 swidth = ctypes.windll.gdi32.GetDeviceCaps(_hdc, 118)   # DESKTOPHORZRES (物理)
diff --git a/memory/ui_detect.py b/memory/ui_detect.py
index 7d679a1c1..6533590a0 100644
--- a/memory/ui_detect.py
+++ b/memory/ui_detect.py
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ def visualize(image_path, elements, output_path=None):
     draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
     try:
         font = ImageFont.truetype("msyh.ttc", 14)
-    except:
+    except Exception:
         font = ImageFont.load_default()
     for el in elements:
         x1, y1, x2, y2 = el['bbox']
diff --git a/plugins/langfuse_tracing.py b/plugins/langfuse_tracing.py
index 3d503183a..687980116 100644
--- a/plugins/langfuse_tracing.py
+++ b/plugins/langfuse_tracing.py
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def _extract_usage(buf):
             ds = s[5:].lstrip()
             if ds == '[DONE]': continue
             try: evt = _j.loads(ds)
-            except: continue
+            except Exception: continue
             if evt.get('type') == 'message_start':
                 us = evt.get('message', {}).get('usage', {}) or {}
                 u['input'] = us.get('input_tokens', u.get('input', 0))
diff --git a/reflect/scheduler.py b/reflect/scheduler.py
index 28d701efc..b313bbb6b 100644
--- a/reflect/scheduler.py
+++ b/reflect/scheduler.py
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ def _last_run(tid, done_files):
         try:
             t = datetime.strptime(df[:15], '%Y-%m-%d_%H%M')
             if latest is None or t > latest: latest = t
-        except: continue
+        except Exception: continue
     return latest
 
 def check():
diff --git a/simphtml.py b/simphtml.py
index cd4b87912..c1ad82ff4 100644
--- a/simphtml.py
+++ b/simphtml.py
@@ -635,7 +635,7 @@ def optimize_html_for_tokens(html):
 """  
 def start_temp_monitor(driver):  
     try: driver.execute_js(temp_monitor_js)
-    except: pass
+    except Exception: pass
 
 def get_temp_texts(driver):  
     js = """function stopStrMonitor() {  
@@ -821,7 +821,7 @@ def execute_js_rich(script, driver, no_monitor=False):
     last_html = None
     if not no_monitor:
         try: last_html = get_html(driver, cutlist=False, extra_js=temp_monitor_js, maxchars=9999999)
-        except: pass
+        except Exception: pass
     result = None;  error_msg = None;  reloaded = False; newTabs = []
     before_sids = set(driver.get_session_dict().keys()); response = {}
     try:
@@ -853,7 +853,7 @@ def execute_js_rich(script, driver, no_monitor=False):
     if no_monitor: return rr
     if not reloaded:
         try: rr['transients'] = get_temp_texts(driver)
-        except: rr['transients'] = []
+        except Exception: rr['transients'] = []
     if not reloaded and len(newTabs) == 0:
         try:
             current_html = get_html(driver, cutlist=False, maxchars=9999999)
@@ -867,7 +867,7 @@ def execute_js_rich(script, driver, no_monitor=False):
             if change_count == 0 and not transients and len(newTabs) == 0:
                 diff_summary += " (页面无变化)"
                 rr['suggestion'] = "页面无明显变化"
-        except:
+        except Exception:
             diff_summary = "页面变化监控不可用"
         rr['diff'] = diff_summary
     return rr