Merge tag 'v4.9.81' into linux-4.9-at91

This is the 4.9.81 stable release

Author: noglitch

Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt

@@ -2805,8 +2805,6 @@ bytes respectively. Such letter suffixes can also be entirely omitted.
 	norandmaps	Don't use address space randomization.  Equivalent to
 			echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space
 
-	noreplace-paravirt	[X86,IA-64,PV_OPS] Don't patch paravirt_ops
-
 	noreplace-smp	[X86-32,SMP] Don't replace SMP instructions
 			with UP alternatives
 

Documentation/speculation.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+This document explains potential effects of speculation, and how undesirable
+effects can be mitigated portably using common APIs.
+
+===========
+Speculation
+===========
+
+To improve performance and minimize average latencies, many contemporary CPUs
+employ speculative execution techniques such as branch prediction, performing
+work which may be discarded at a later stage.
+
+Typically speculative execution cannot be observed from architectural state,
+such as the contents of registers. However, in some cases it is possible to
+observe its impact on microarchitectural state, such as the presence or
+absence of data in caches. Such state may form side-channels which can be
+observed to extract secret information.
+
+For example, in the presence of branch prediction, it is possible for bounds
+checks to be ignored by code which is speculatively executed. Consider the
+following code:
+
+	int load_array(int *array, unsigned int index)
+	{
+		if (index >= MAX_ARRAY_ELEMS)
+			return 0;
+		else
+			return array[index];
+	}
+
+Which, on arm64, may be compiled to an assembly sequence such as:
+
+	CMP	<index>, #MAX_ARRAY_ELEMS
+	B.LT	less
+	MOV	<returnval>, #0
+	RET
+  less:
+	LDR	<returnval>, [<array>, <index>]
+	RET
+
+It is possible that a CPU mis-predicts the conditional branch, and
+speculatively loads array[index], even if index >= MAX_ARRAY_ELEMS. This
+value will subsequently be discarded, but the speculated load may affect
+microarchitectural state which can be subsequently measured.
+
+More complex sequences involving multiple dependent memory accesses may
+result in sensitive information being leaked. Consider the following
+code, building on the prior example:
+
+	int load_dependent_arrays(int *arr1, int *arr2, int index)
+	{
+		int val1, val2,
+
+		val1 = load_array(arr1, index);
+		val2 = load_array(arr2, val1);
+
+		return val2;
+	}
+
+Under speculation, the first call to load_array() may return the value
+of an out-of-bounds address, while the second call will influence
+microarchitectural state dependent on this value. This may provide an
+arbitrary read primitive.
+
+====================================
+Mitigating speculation side-channels
+====================================
+
+The kernel provides a generic API to ensure that bounds checks are
+respected even under speculation. Architectures which are affected by
+speculation-based side-channels are expected to implement these
+primitives.
+
+The array_index_nospec() helper in <linux/nospec.h> can be used to
+prevent information from being leaked via side-channels.
+
+A call to array_index_nospec(index, size) returns a sanitized index
+value that is bounded to [0, size) even under cpu speculation
+conditions.
+
+This can be used to protect the earlier load_array() example:
+
+	int load_array(int *array, unsigned int index)
+	{
+		if (index >= MAX_ARRAY_ELEMS)
+			return 0;
+		else {
+			index = array_index_nospec(index, MAX_ARRAY_ELEMS);
+			return array[index];
+		}
+	}

Makefile

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 VERSION = 4
 PATCHLEVEL = 9
-SUBLEVEL = 80
+SUBLEVEL = 81
 EXTRAVERSION =
 NAME = Roaring Lionus
 

arch/powerpc/Kconfig

@@ -128,6 +128,7 @@ config PPC
 	select ARCH_HAS_GCOV_PROFILE_ALL
 	select GENERIC_SMP_IDLE_THREAD
 	select GENERIC_CMOS_UPDATE
+	select GENERIC_CPU_VULNERABILITIES	if PPC_BOOK3S_64
 	select GENERIC_TIME_VSYSCALL_OLD
 	select GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS
 	select GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS_BROADCAST if SMP

arch/powerpc/include/asm/exception-64e.h

@@ -209,5 +209,11 @@ exc_##label##_book3e:
 	ori	r3,r3,vector_offset@l;		\
 	mtspr	SPRN_IVOR##vector_number,r3;
 
+#define RFI_TO_KERNEL							\
+	rfi
+
+#define RFI_TO_USER							\
+	rfi
+
 #endif /* _ASM_POWERPC_EXCEPTION_64E_H */
 

arch/powerpc/include/asm/exception-64s.h

@@ -51,6 +51,59 @@
 #define EX_PPR		88	/* SMT thread status register (priority) */
 #define EX_CTR		96
 
+/*
+ * Macros for annotating the expected destination of (h)rfid
+ *
+ * The nop instructions allow us to insert one or more instructions to flush the
+ * L1-D cache when returning to userspace or a guest.
+ */
+#define RFI_FLUSH_SLOT							\
+	RFI_FLUSH_FIXUP_SECTION;					\
+	nop;								\
+	nop;								\
+	nop
+
+#define RFI_TO_KERNEL							\
+	rfid
+
+#define RFI_TO_USER							\
+	RFI_FLUSH_SLOT;							\
+	rfid;								\
+	b	rfi_flush_fallback
+
+#define RFI_TO_USER_OR_KERNEL						\
+	RFI_FLUSH_SLOT;							\
+	rfid;								\
+	b	rfi_flush_fallback
+
+#define RFI_TO_GUEST							\
+	RFI_FLUSH_SLOT;							\
+	rfid;								\
+	b	rfi_flush_fallback
+
+#define HRFI_TO_KERNEL							\
+	hrfid
+
+#define HRFI_TO_USER							\
+	RFI_FLUSH_SLOT;							\
+	hrfid;								\
+	b	hrfi_flush_fallback
+
+#define HRFI_TO_USER_OR_KERNEL						\
+	RFI_FLUSH_SLOT;							\
+	hrfid;								\
+	b	hrfi_flush_fallback
+
+#define HRFI_TO_GUEST							\
+	RFI_FLUSH_SLOT;							\
+	hrfid;								\
+	b	hrfi_flush_fallback
+
+#define HRFI_TO_UNKNOWN							\
+	RFI_FLUSH_SLOT;							\
+	hrfid;								\
+	b	hrfi_flush_fallback
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_RELOCATABLE
 #define __EXCEPTION_RELON_PROLOG_PSERIES_1(label, h)			\
 	mfspr	r11,SPRN_##h##SRR0;	/* save SRR0 */			\

arch/powerpc/include/asm/feature-fixups.h

@@ -189,4 +189,19 @@ void apply_feature_fixups(void);
 void setup_feature_keys(void);
 #endif
 
+#define RFI_FLUSH_FIXUP_SECTION				\
+951:							\
+	.pushsection __rfi_flush_fixup,"a";		\
+	.align 2;					\
+952:							\
+	FTR_ENTRY_OFFSET 951b-952b;			\
+	.popsection;
+
+
+#ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
+
+extern long __start___rfi_flush_fixup, __stop___rfi_flush_fixup;
+
+#endif
+
 #endif /* __ASM_POWERPC_FEATURE_FIXUPS_H */

arch/powerpc/include/asm/hvcall.h

@@ -240,6 +240,7 @@
 #define H_GET_HCA_INFO          0x1B8
 #define H_GET_PERF_COUNT        0x1BC
 #define H_MANAGE_TRACE          0x1C0
+#define H_GET_CPU_CHARACTERISTICS 0x1C8
 #define H_FREE_LOGICAL_LAN_BUFFER 0x1D4
 #define H_QUERY_INT_STATE       0x1E4
 #define H_POLL_PENDING		0x1D8
@@ -306,6 +307,17 @@
 #define H_SET_MODE_RESOURCE_ADDR_TRANS_MODE	3
 #define H_SET_MODE_RESOURCE_LE			4
 
+/* H_GET_CPU_CHARACTERISTICS return values */
+#define H_CPU_CHAR_SPEC_BAR_ORI31	(1ull << 63) // IBM bit 0
+#define H_CPU_CHAR_BCCTRL_SERIALISED	(1ull << 62) // IBM bit 1
+#define H_CPU_CHAR_L1D_FLUSH_ORI30	(1ull << 61) // IBM bit 2
+#define H_CPU_CHAR_L1D_FLUSH_TRIG2	(1ull << 60) // IBM bit 3
+#define H_CPU_CHAR_L1D_THREAD_PRIV	(1ull << 59) // IBM bit 4
+
+#define H_CPU_BEHAV_FAVOUR_SECURITY	(1ull << 63) // IBM bit 0
+#define H_CPU_BEHAV_L1D_FLUSH_PR	(1ull << 62) // IBM bit 1
+#define H_CPU_BEHAV_BNDS_CHK_SPEC_BAR	(1ull << 61) // IBM bit 2
+
 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
 
 /**
@@ -433,6 +445,11 @@ static inline unsigned long cmo_get_page_size(void)
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_PPC_PSERIES */
 
+struct h_cpu_char_result {
+	u64 character;
+	u64 behaviour;
+};
+
 #endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
 #endif /* _ASM_POWERPC_HVCALL_H */

arch/powerpc/include/asm/paca.h

@@ -205,6 +205,16 @@ struct paca_struct {
 	struct sibling_subcore_state *sibling_subcore_state;
 #endif
 #endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S_64
+	/*
+	 * rfi fallback flush must be in its own cacheline to prevent
+	 * other paca data leaking into the L1d
+	 */
+	u64 exrfi[13] __aligned(0x80);
+	void *rfi_flush_fallback_area;
+	u64 l1d_flush_congruence;
+	u64 l1d_flush_sets;
+#endif
 };
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S

arch/powerpc/include/asm/plpar_wrappers.h

@@ -340,4 +340,18 @@ static inline long plapr_set_watchpoint0(unsigned long dawr0, unsigned long dawr
 	return plpar_set_mode(0, H_SET_MODE_RESOURCE_SET_DAWR, dawr0, dawrx0);
 }
 
+static inline long plpar_get_cpu_characteristics(struct h_cpu_char_result *p)
+{
+	unsigned long retbuf[PLPAR_HCALL_BUFSIZE];
+	long rc;
+
+	rc = plpar_hcall(H_GET_CPU_CHARACTERISTICS, retbuf);
+	if (rc == H_SUCCESS) {
+		p->character = retbuf[0];
+		p->behaviour = retbuf[1];
+	}
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
 #endif /* _ASM_POWERPC_PLPAR_WRAPPERS_H */