From 199ab24447f3aa78a5e7542f55234fbf4c8801e3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tomoko Uchida <tomoko.uchida.1111@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 11 Jul 2026 04:24:09 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 01/10] python 3.14 support

---
 .github/workflows/python.yml |  14 +--
 python/pyproject.toml        |   6 +-
 python/src/executor.rs       |  11 +-
 python/uv.lock               | 210 ++++++++++++++++-------------------
 4 files changed, 110 insertions(+), 131 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/python.yml b/.github/workflows/python.yml
index 601f2dd9dfc..2cc748e78f9 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/python.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/python.yml
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 45
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        python-minor-version: ["10", "13"]
+        python-minor-version: ["10", "14"]
     name: "Python Linux 3.${{ matrix.python-minor-version }} x86_64"
     runs-on: "ubuntu-24.04-4x"
     defaults:
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           memtest: true
       - name: Upload wheels as artifacts
-        if: ${{ matrix.python-minor-version == '13' }}
+        if: ${{ matrix.python-minor-version == '14' }}
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@ea165f8d65b6e75b540449e92b4886f43607fa02 # v4
         with:
           name: linux-wheels
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Set up Python
         uses: actions/setup-python@a26af69be951a213d495a4c3e4e4022e16d87065 # v5
         with:
-          python-version: 3.13
+          python-version: 3.14
       - name: Download wheels
         uses: actions/download-artifact@d3f86a106a0bac45b974a628896c90dbdf5c8093 # v4
         with:
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ jobs:
   linux-arm:
     timeout-minutes: 45
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04-arm64-4x
-    name: Python Linux 3.13 ARM
+    name: Python Linux 3.14 ARM
     defaults:
       run:
         shell: bash
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Set up Python
         uses: actions/setup-python@a26af69be951a213d495a4c3e4e4022e16d87065 # v5
         with:
-          python-version: 3.13
+          python-version: 3.14
       - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@779680da715d629ac1d338a641029a2f4372abb5 # v2
         with:
           workspaces: python
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/run_tests
   mac:
     timeout-minutes: 45
-    name: Python macOS 3.13 ARM
+    name: Python macOS 3.14 ARM
     runs-on: "warp-macos-14-arm64-6x"
     defaults:
       run:
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Set up Python
         uses: actions/setup-python@a26af69be951a213d495a4c3e4e4022e16d87065 # v5
         with:
-          python-version: "3.13"
+          python-version: "3.14"
       - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@779680da715d629ac1d338a641029a2f4372abb5 # v2
         with:
           workspaces: python
diff --git a/python/pyproject.toml b/python/pyproject.toml
index 4297143c5d1..095a39cbd42 100644
--- a/python/pyproject.toml
+++ b/python/pyproject.toml
@@ -72,8 +72,8 @@ geo = [
 [dependency-groups]
 tests = [
     "boto3==1.40.43",
-    "datasets==4.1.1",
-    "duckdb==1.4.0",
+    "datasets==4.4.0",
+    "duckdb>=1.5.0,<1.6.0",
     "ml_dtypes==0.5.3",
     "pillow==11.3.0",
     "pandas==2.3.3",
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ lint.select = ["F", "E", "W", "I", "G", "TCH", "PERF", "B019"]
 "*.pyi" = ["E301", "E302"]
 
 [tool.pyright]
-pythonVersion = "3.13"
+pythonVersion = "3.14"
 # TODO: expand this list as we fix more files.
 include = [
     "python/lance/util.py",
diff --git a/python/src/executor.rs b/python/src/executor.rs
index e2e573a8193..26e897d2224 100644
--- a/python/src/executor.rs
+++ b/python/src/executor.rs
@@ -236,12 +236,11 @@ impl BackgroundExecutor {
             };
 
             if let Some(output) = maybe_output {
-                if let Err(err) = pump() {
-                    log::warn!(
-                        "Ignoring progress callback error after operation completed successfully: {}",
-                        err
-                    );
-                }
+                // when the index build finishes so fast that no pump cycles
+                // occurred during execution (common on Python 3.14 due to
+                // GIL/async scheduling changes), all events sit in the
+                // channel buffer and get drained after completion
+                pump()?;
                 return Ok(output);
             }
         }
diff --git a/python/uv.lock b/python/uv.lock
index ee3d2f872ce..6df7b245f24 100644
--- a/python/uv.lock
+++ b/python/uv.lock
@@ -177,6 +177,20 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/78/b6/6307fbef88d9b5ee7421e68d78a9f162e0da4900bc5f5793f6d3d0e34fb8/annotated_types-0.7.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:1f02e8b43a8fbbc3f3e0d4f0f4bfc8131bcb4eebe8849b8e5c773f3a1c582a53", size = 13643, upload-time = "2024-05-20T21:33:24.1Z" },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "anyio"
+version = "4.14.1"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+dependencies = [
+    { name = "exceptiongroup", marker = "python_full_version < '3.11'" },
+    { name = "idna" },
+    { name = "typing-extensions", marker = "python_full_version < '3.13'" },
+]
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/3b/72/5562aabb8dd7181e8e860622a38bea08d17842b99ecd4c91f84ac95251b0/anyio-4.14.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:8d648a3544c1a700e3ff78615cd679e4c5c3f149904287e73687b2596963629e", size = 254831, upload-time = "2026-06-24T20:56:06.017Z" }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/b0/7b/90df4a0a816d98d6ea26f559d87836d494a2cf1fcf063be67df50a7bcc30/anyio-4.14.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:4e5533c5b8ff0a24f5d7a176cbe6877129cd183893f66b537f8f227d10527d72", size = 124875, upload-time = "2026-06-24T20:56:04.413Z" },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "arro3-core"
 version = "0.6.5"
@@ -465,12 +479,13 @@ wheels = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "datasets"
-version = "4.1.1"
+version = "4.4.0"
 source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
 dependencies = [
     { name = "dill" },
     { name = "filelock" },
     { name = "fsspec", extra = ["http"] },
+    { name = "httpx" },
     { name = "huggingface-hub" },
     { name = "multiprocess" },
     { name = "numpy", version = "2.2.6", source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }, marker = "python_full_version < '3.11'" },
@@ -483,9 +498,9 @@ dependencies = [
     { name = "tqdm" },
     { name = "xxhash" },
 ]
-sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/91/a4/73f8e6ef52c535e1d20d5b2ca83bfe6de399d8b8b8a61ccc8d63d60735aa/datasets-4.1.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:7d8d5ba8b12861d2c44bfff9c83484ebfafff1ff553371e5901a8d3aab5450e2", size = 579324, upload-time = "2025-09-18T13:14:27.108Z" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/57/13/f05a80bbbac5f62e492e5e463ec59a4479647ef9c376b1fdfaa4d3ed01cc/datasets-4.4.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:0430d39b9f13b53c37afb80c23c7e5d8c6ceccc014c14a14d15fa2b4e8688d2a", size = 585143, upload-time = "2025-11-04T10:36:22.73Z" }
 wheels = [
-    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f4/c8/09012ac195a0aab58755800d2efdc0e7d5905053509f12cb5d136c911cda/datasets-4.1.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:62e4f6899a36be9ec74a7e759a6951253cc85b3fcfa0a759b0efa8353b149dac", size = 503623, upload-time = "2025-09-18T13:14:25.111Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1e/31/d552336985f747b19f0a852d98ca7a2ef4727ba956b38041cfbda08dde0a/datasets-4.4.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:b7e6d1d48c2e1d3a95d6b378e8fc3d7ab29f24f14ddf505a8d417dd09c692f19", size = 511463, upload-time = "2025-11-04T10:36:20.062Z" },
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -511,34 +526,44 @@ wheels = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "duckdb"
-version = "1.4.0"
-source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
-sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/82/93/adc0d183642fc9a602ca9b97cb16754c84b8c1d92e5b99aec412e0c419a8/duckdb-1.4.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:bd5edee8bd5a73b5822f2b390668597b5fcdc2d3292c244d8d933bb87ad6ac4c", size = 18453175, upload-time = "2025-09-16T10:22:41.509Z" }
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-    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/52/24/ab44c871b0f07f491e5d2ad12c9bd7358e527510618cb1b803a88e986db1/werkzeug-3.1.3-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:54b78bf3716d19a65be4fceccc0d1d7b89e608834989dfae50ea87564639213e", size = 224498, upload-time = "2024-11-08T15:52:16.132Z" },
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "wheel"
-version = "0.45.1"
-source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
-sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/8a/98/2d9906746cdc6a6ef809ae6338005b3f21bb568bea3165cfc6a243fdc25c/wheel-0.45.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:661e1abd9198507b1409a20c02106d9670b2576e916d58f520316666abca6729", size = 107545, upload-time = "2024-11-23T00:18:23.513Z" }
-wheels = [
-    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/0b/2c/87f3254fd8ffd29e4c02732eee68a83a1d3c346ae39bc6822dcbcb697f2b/wheel-0.45.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:708e7481cc80179af0e556bbf0cc00b8444c7321e2700b8d8580231d13017248", size = 72494, upload-time = "2024-11-23T00:18:21.207Z" },
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "wrapt"
 version = "1.17.3"

From fce76db082123c9b8e4aa9d0bd488f073184ab53 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tomoko Uchida <tomoko.uchida.1111@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 11 Jul 2026 17:38:29 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 02/10] re-add python 13 to the test matrix

---
 .github/workflows/python.yml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/python.yml b/.github/workflows/python.yml
index 2cc748e78f9..cd17c5d0433 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/python.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/python.yml
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 45
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        python-minor-version: ["10", "14"]
+        python-minor-version: ["10", "13", "14"]
     name: "Python Linux 3.${{ matrix.python-minor-version }} x86_64"
     runs-on: "ubuntu-24.04-4x"
     defaults:

From e8c6f9b919066947845a53568dd74cfc1d49ac2a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tomoko Uchida <tomoko.uchida.1111@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 11 Jul 2026 17:50:19 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 03/10] align optional-dependencies with dependency-groups

---
 python/pyproject.toml | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/python/pyproject.toml b/python/pyproject.toml
index 095a39cbd42..c1b346ca4c8 100644
--- a/python/pyproject.toml
+++ b/python/pyproject.toml
@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@ build-backend = "maturin"
 [project.optional-dependencies]
 tests = [
     "boto3",
-    "datasets",
-    "duckdb",
+    "datasets==4.4.0",
+    "duckdb>=1.5.0,<1.6.0",
     "ml_dtypes",
     "pillow",
     "pandas",

From ab3ec2f791f0848fbc5b5adfc7476768c10b69c6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tomoko Uchida <tomoko.uchida.1111@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 11 Jul 2026 21:16:12 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 04/10] sync uv.lock

---
 python/uv.lock | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/python/uv.lock b/python/uv.lock
index 6df7b245f24..c3e0dbd38d7 100644
--- a/python/uv.lock
+++ b/python/uv.lock
@@ -2221,8 +2221,8 @@ tests = [
 requires-dist = [
     { name = "boto3", marker = "extra == 'tests'" },
     { name = "datafusion", marker = "extra == 'tests'", specifier = ">=53,<54" },
-    { name = "datasets", marker = "extra == 'tests'" },
-    { name = "duckdb", marker = "extra == 'tests'" },
+    { name = "datasets", marker = "extra == 'tests'", specifier = "==4.4.0" },
+    { name = "duckdb", marker = "extra == 'tests'", specifier = ">=1.5.0,<1.6.0" },
     { name = "geoarrow-rust-core", marker = "extra == 'geo'" },
     { name = "geoarrow-rust-io", marker = "extra == 'geo'" },
     { name = "lance-namespace", specifier = ">=0.8.5,<0.9" },

From 3d1738dfe35fd5ff47e2f6dbd749e73c7c829f3e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tomoko Uchida <tomoko.uchida.1111@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 13 Jul 2026 22:56:55 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 05/10] preserve current behavior when python runtime is older
 than 3.14

---
 python/src/executor.rs | 26 +++++++++++++++++++++-----
 1 file changed, 21 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/python/src/executor.rs b/python/src/executor.rs
index 26e897d2224..b79322626df 100644
--- a/python/src/executor.rs
+++ b/python/src/executor.rs
@@ -19,6 +19,10 @@ use pyo3::{PyResult, Python, exceptions::PyRuntimeError};
 
 pub const SIGNAL_CHECK_INTERVAL: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_millis(100);
 
+fn is_python314_or_later(py: Option<Python<'_>>) -> bool {
+    py.map_or(true, |py| py.version_info() >= (3, 14))
+}
+
 /// A wrapper around tokio runtime.
 ///
 /// This is used to spawn tasks in the background and wait synchronously for them
@@ -236,11 +240,23 @@ impl BackgroundExecutor {
             };
 
             if let Some(output) = maybe_output {
-                // when the index build finishes so fast that no pump cycles
-                // occurred during execution (common on Python 3.14 due to
-                // GIL/async scheduling changes), all events sit in the
-                // channel buffer and get drained after completion
-                pump()?;
+                // When the index build finishes so fast that no pump cycles
+                // occurred during execution, pending events sit in the channel
+                // buffer and get drained after completion. Python ≥ 3.14 changed
+                // GIL/async scheduling timing such that callback invocations may
+                // only be visible in this post-completion drain, so we propagate
+                // errors for 3.14+. For ≤ 3.13 we keep the old tolerant behavior
+                // to avoid spurious failures when scheduling shifts slightly.
+                if is_python314_or_later(py) {
+                    pump()?;
+                } else {
+                    if let Err(err) = pump() {
+                        log::warn!(
+                            "Ignoring progress callback error after operation completed successfully: {}",
+                            err
+                        );
+                    }
+                }
                 return Ok(output);
             }
         }

From 2059aec0256a7a73a1f89380553446261a997ae1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tomoko Uchida <tomoko.uchida.1111@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 13 Jul 2026 23:05:17 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 06/10] return false when python runtime is not available

---
 python/src/executor.rs | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/python/src/executor.rs b/python/src/executor.rs
index b79322626df..a12884e9010 100644
--- a/python/src/executor.rs
+++ b/python/src/executor.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use pyo3::{PyResult, Python, exceptions::PyRuntimeError};
 pub const SIGNAL_CHECK_INTERVAL: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_millis(100);
 
 fn is_python314_or_later(py: Option<Python<'_>>) -> bool {
-    py.map_or(true, |py| py.version_info() >= (3, 14))
+    py.map_or(false, |py| py.version_info() >= (3, 14))
 }
 
 /// A wrapper around tokio runtime.

From 8b047539a789304596eabb05312f81148994f882 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tomoko Uchida <tomoko.uchida.1111@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 13 Jul 2026 23:13:39 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 07/10] reduce python runtime version check

---
 python/src/executor.rs | 4 +++-
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/python/src/executor.rs b/python/src/executor.rs
index a12884e9010..35204a0543a 100644
--- a/python/src/executor.rs
+++ b/python/src/executor.rs
@@ -199,6 +199,8 @@ impl BackgroundExecutor {
         F::Output: Send,
         P: FnMut() -> PyResult<()>,
     {
+        let should_propagate_on_completion = is_python314_or_later(py);
+
         let mut future = std::pin::pin!(future);
 
         loop {
@@ -247,7 +249,7 @@ impl BackgroundExecutor {
                 // only be visible in this post-completion drain, so we propagate
                 // errors for 3.14+. For ≤ 3.13 we keep the old tolerant behavior
                 // to avoid spurious failures when scheduling shifts slightly.
-                if is_python314_or_later(py) {
+                if should_propagate_on_completion {
                     pump()?;
                 } else {
                     if let Err(err) = pump() {

From d440bdba94ec6db8954d018e120307ca58494d27 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tomoko Uchida <tomoko.uchida.1111@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2026 21:23:23 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 08/10] clippy

---
 python/src/executor.rs | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/python/src/executor.rs b/python/src/executor.rs
index 35204a0543a..e2c1ca4b383 100644
--- a/python/src/executor.rs
+++ b/python/src/executor.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use pyo3::{PyResult, Python, exceptions::PyRuntimeError};
 pub const SIGNAL_CHECK_INTERVAL: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_millis(100);
 
 fn is_python314_or_later(py: Option<Python<'_>>) -> bool {
-    py.map_or(false, |py| py.version_info() >= (3, 14))
+    py.is_some_and(|py| py.version_info() >= (3, 14))
 }
 
 /// A wrapper around tokio runtime.

From 83f75fbcfe8cb326dfc1578876211b6d7a8e4aaa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Weston Pace <weston.pace@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 13:08:41 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 09/10] Fix the compat_test.py so it passes (or skips) on 3.14

---
 python/python/tests/compat/venv_manager.py | 68 ++++++++++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 62 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/python/python/tests/compat/venv_manager.py b/python/python/tests/compat/venv_manager.py
index c4b23486cd3..96047f4ea6a 100644
--- a/python/python/tests/compat/venv_manager.py
+++ b/python/python/tests/compat/venv_manager.py
@@ -96,6 +96,35 @@ def _safe(ref: str) -> str:
     return re.sub(r"[^A-Za-z0-9._-]", "_", ref)
 
 
+# Explicit skip whitelist for known (lance_version, python_version) incompatibilities.
+# Each entry is (max_lance_version_inclusive, min_python_version_inclusive).
+# A test is skipped when the tested lance version <= max_lance AND the current
+# Python >= min_python.  Add entries here only after verifying the incompatibility
+# is a runtime/ABI issue rather than a format regression — anything NOT listed
+# will surface as a test failure so new problems are visible.
+_COMPAT_SKIP: list[tuple[str, tuple[int, int]]] = [
+    # lance 0.22.x abi3 wheel was built with old PyO3 (<0.23) that crashes on
+    # Python 3.14+ due to removed internal CPython APIs.
+    ("0.22.0", (3, 14)),
+]
+
+
+def _skip_reason(lance_version: str) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Return a pytest.skip message if this lance/Python combo is whitelisted, else None."""
+    py = sys.version_info[:2]
+    for max_lance, min_python in _COMPAT_SKIP:
+        try:
+            if Version(lance_version) <= Version(max_lance) and py >= min_python:
+                py_str = f"{py[0]}.{py[1]}"
+                return (
+                    f"Lance {lance_version} + Python {py_str}: whitelisted skip "
+                    f"(see _COMPAT_SKIP in venv_manager.py)"
+                )
+        except InvalidVersion:
+            pass
+    return None
+
+
 class VenvExecutor:
     """Manages a virtual environment with a specific Lance version."""
 
@@ -130,15 +159,29 @@ def python_path(self) -> Path:
     def _marker_path(self) -> Path:
         return self.venv_path / ".compat_ref"
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def _python_version_tag() -> str:
+        return f"{sys.version_info.major}.{sys.version_info.minor}"
+
     def _validate_venv(self) -> bool:
-        """A cached venv is reusable if it exists and its recorded ref matches. A marker
-        file is used (not `pip show`) so source-built commit refs also validate."""
+        """A cached venv is reusable if it exists, its recorded ref matches, and it was
+        built with the same Python major.minor as the current interpreter.
+
+        The marker file format is two lines: `<lance_ref>\\n<python_major.minor>`.
+        Old single-line markers (no Python version) are treated as stale so the venv
+        is rebuilt — this handles cached venvs from a different Python installation."""
         if not self.python_path.exists():
             return False
         try:
-            return self._marker_path.read_text().strip() == self.version
+            lines = self._marker_path.read_text().strip().splitlines()
         except OSError:
             return False
+        if not lines or lines[0] != self.version:
+            return False
+        # Require a Python version line; single-line markers are stale.
+        if len(lines) < 2 or lines[1] != self._python_version_tag():
+            return False
+        return True
 
     def create(self):
         """Create the virtual environment and install the specified Lance version."""
@@ -170,7 +213,9 @@ def create(self):
                     self._install_release_wheel()
                 else:
                     self._build_from_source()
-                self._marker_path.write_text(self.version)
+                self._marker_path.write_text(
+                    f"{self.version}\n{self._python_version_tag()}"
+                )
         self._created = True
 
     def _install_wheel(self, wheel: str):
@@ -264,10 +309,13 @@ def _ensure_subprocess(self):
         # Start persistent subprocess
         runner_script = Path(__file__).parent / "venv_runner.py"
 
-        # Set PYTHONPATH to include the tests directory
+        # Set PYTHONPATH so the subprocess can import compat test modules.
+        # pytest adds the `tests/` directory (the first ancestor without __init__.py)
+        # to sys.path, so test modules are imported as `compat.<module>`.
         env = os.environ.copy()
         tests_dir = Path(__file__).parent.parent
         env["PYTHONPATH"] = str(tests_dir)
+        env.setdefault("RUST_BACKTRACE", "full")
 
         # Capture stderr to a file so a Rust panic (which crashes the runner) can be
         # surfaced in the error instead of an opaque "broken pipe".
@@ -357,6 +405,12 @@ def execute_method(
         if not self._created:
             raise RuntimeError("Virtual environment not created. Call create() first.")
 
+        reason = _skip_reason(self.version)
+        if reason:
+            import pytest
+
+            pytest.skip(reason)
+
         # Ensure subprocess is running
         self._ensure_subprocess()
         try:
@@ -379,14 +433,16 @@ def execute_method(
 
         except (BrokenPipeError, EOFError, struct.error) as e:
             # Subprocess died (usually a Rust panic); flush it, then surface that.
+            returncode = "unknown"
             if self._subprocess is not None:
                 try:
                     self._subprocess.wait(timeout=2)
+                    returncode = str(self._subprocess.returncode)
                 except Exception:
                     pass
             panic = self._last_panic()
             detail = panic or f"subprocess communication failed: {e}"
-            raise RuntimeError(f"Lance {self.version}: {detail}")
+            raise RuntimeError(f"Lance {self.version} (exit={returncode}): {detail}")
 
     def cleanup(self):
         """Remove the virtual environment directory and terminate subprocess."""

From 8f14c4ba1659c5cde8e6856c73ad0e3d41fd401c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Weston Pace <weston.pace@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 15:12:00 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 10/10] Python lint

---
 python/python/tests/compat/venv_manager.py | 26 ++++++++++------------
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/python/python/tests/compat/venv_manager.py b/python/python/tests/compat/venv_manager.py
index 96047f4ea6a..9cc09fc8f85 100644
--- a/python/python/tests/compat/venv_manager.py
+++ b/python/python/tests/compat/venv_manager.py
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Any, Optional
 
+import pytest
 from packaging.version import InvalidVersion, Version
 
 try:
@@ -110,18 +111,19 @@ def _safe(ref: str) -> str:
 
 
 def _skip_reason(lance_version: str) -> Optional[str]:
-    """Return a pytest.skip message if this lance/Python combo is whitelisted, else None."""
+    """Return a skip reason if this lance/Python combo is whitelisted, else None."""
+    try:
+        ver = Version(lance_version)
+    except InvalidVersion:
+        return None
     py = sys.version_info[:2]
     for max_lance, min_python in _COMPAT_SKIP:
-        try:
-            if Version(lance_version) <= Version(max_lance) and py >= min_python:
-                py_str = f"{py[0]}.{py[1]}"
-                return (
-                    f"Lance {lance_version} + Python {py_str}: whitelisted skip "
-                    f"(see _COMPAT_SKIP in venv_manager.py)"
-                )
-        except InvalidVersion:
-            pass
+        if ver <= Version(max_lance) and py >= min_python:
+            py_str = f"{py[0]}.{py[1]}"
+            return (
+                f"Lance {lance_version} + Python {py_str}: whitelisted skip "
+                f"(see _COMPAT_SKIP in venv_manager.py)"
+            )
     return None
 
 
@@ -407,8 +409,6 @@ def execute_method(
 
         reason = _skip_reason(self.version)
         if reason:
-            import pytest
-
             pytest.skip(reason)
 
         # Ensure subprocess is running
@@ -460,8 +460,6 @@ def cleanup(self):
 
         # Remove venv directory
         if self.venv_path.exists():
-            import shutil
-
             shutil.rmtree(self.venv_path)
         self._created = False