refactor(propagators): Use context parameter instead of span_context

This commit updates base_propagator to use the `context` parameter
instead of the deprecated `span_context` parameter when calling
`start_span()` and `start_as_current_span()` methods. This change aligns
with OpenTelemetry's API conventions and improves consistency across
the codebase.

This commit fixes #847.

Signed-off-by: Paulo Vital <paulo.vital@ibm.com>
Co-authored-by: Varsha GS <varsha.gs@ibm.com>

Author: pvital

src/instana/propagators/base_propagator.py

@@ -3,27 +3,29 @@
 
 
 import os
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, TypeVar
 
-from typing import Any, Optional, TypeVar, Dict, List, Tuple
+from opentelemetry.context.context import Context
+from opentelemetry.trace import (
+    INVALID_SPAN_ID,
+    INVALID_TRACE_ID,
+    NonRecordingSpan,
+    set_span_in_context,
+)
 
 from instana.log import logger
 from instana.span_context import SpanContext
 from instana.util.ids import (
     header_to_id,
     header_to_long_id,
     hex_id,
+    hex_id_limited,
     internal_id,
     internal_id_limited,
-    hex_id_limited,
 )
 from instana.w3c_trace_context.traceparent import Traceparent
 from instana.w3c_trace_context.tracestate import Tracestate
 
-from opentelemetry.trace import (
-    INVALID_SPAN_ID,
-    INVALID_TRACE_ID,
-)
-
 # The carrier, typed here as CarrierT, can be a dict, a list, or a tuple.
 # Using the trace header as an example, it can be in the following forms
 # for extraction:
@@ -399,7 +401,7 @@ def __extract_w3c_trace_context_headers(self, dc):
 
     def extract(
         self, carrier: CarrierT, disable_w3c_trace_context: bool = False
-    ) -> Optional[SpanContext]:
+    ) -> Optional[Context]:
         """
         This method overrides one of the Base classes as with the introduction
         of W3C trace context for the HTTP requests more extracting steps and
@@ -441,7 +443,9 @@ def extract(
                 tracestate,
                 disable_w3c_trace_context,
             )
-            return span_context
+
+            context = set_span_in_context(NonRecordingSpan(span_context), Context())
+            return context
 
         except Exception:
             logger.debug("base_propagator extract error:", exc_info=True)

src/instana/propagators/kafka_propagator.py

@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
 # (c) Copyright IBM Corp. 2025
 from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
 
+from opentelemetry.context.context import Context
 from opentelemetry.trace.span import format_span_id
 
 from instana.log import logger
 from instana.propagators.base_propagator import BasePropagator, CarrierT
-from instana.util.ids import hex_id_limited
 from instana.span_context import SpanContext
+from instana.util.ids import hex_id_limited
+
 
 class KafkaPropagator(BasePropagator):
     """
@@ -50,7 +52,7 @@ def extract_carrier_headers(self, carrier: CarrierT) -> Dict[str, Any]:
 
     def extract(
         self, carrier: CarrierT, disable_w3c_trace_context: bool = False
-    ) -> Optional[SpanContext]:
+    ) -> Optional[Context]:
         """
         This method overrides one of the Base classes as with the introduction
         of W3C trace context for the Kafka requests more extracting steps and
@@ -61,7 +63,7 @@ def extract(
             disable_w3c_trace_context (bool): A flag to disable the W3C trace context.
 
         Returns:
-            Optional[SpanContext]: The extracted span context or None.
+            Optional[Context]: The extracted span context or None.
         """
         try:
             headers = self.extract_carrier_headers(carrier=carrier)
@@ -118,7 +120,7 @@ def inject(
                     correlation_type=span_context.correlation_type,
                     correlation_id=span_context.correlation_id,
                     traceparent=span_context.traceparent,
-                    tracestate=span_context.tracestate
+                    tracestate=span_context.tracestate,
                 )
 
         def inject_key_value(carrier, key, value):