@@ -738,16 +738,17 @@ durations are kept as short as possible for these tutorials.
738738 Figure: Evolution of the temperature, :math: `T`, as a function of the time, :math: `t`
739739 during the :math: `NVT` molecular dynamics simulation.
740740
741- Adjust the density using NPT
742- ============================
741+ Molecular dynamics ( :math: `NpT`)
742+ ================================
743743
744744Now that the temperature of the system is properly equilibrated,
745- let us continue the simulation using the
746- NPT ensemble, where the pressure of the system is imposed by a barostat
747- and the volume of the box is allowed to relax. During NPT relaxation, the
745+ let us continue the simulation in the
746+ :math: `NpT` ensemble, where the pressure :math: `p` of the system
747+ is imposed by a barostat and the volume of the box :math: `V` is
748+ allowed to relax. During :math: `NpT` relaxation, the
748749density of the fluid should converge toward its equilibrium value.
749- Create a new input script, call it *npt.mdp *, and
750- copy the following lines in it:
750+ Create a new input script, call it ** npt.mdp * *, and
751+ copy the following lines into it:
751752
752753.. code-block :: bw
753754
@@ -783,40 +784,42 @@ copy the following lines in it:
783784 tau-t = 0.5 0.5
784785 ref-t = 360 360
785786
787+ So far, the differences with the previous :math: `NVT`
788+ script are the duration of the run (the value of ``nsteps ``),
789+ and the removing of the ``gen-vel `` and ``gen-temp `` commands,
790+ because the atoms already have a velocity.
791+
792+ Let us add an the isotropic C-rescale pressure
793+ coupling with a target pressure of 1 bar :cite: `bernetti2020pressure `
794+ by adding the following to **npt.mdp **:
795+
796+ .. code-block :: bw
797+
786798 pcoupl = C-rescale
787799 Pcoupltype = isotropic
788800 tau_p = 1.0
789801 ref_p = 1.0
790802 compressibility = 4.5e-5
791-
792- The main difference with the previous NVT script is
793- the addition of the isotropic C-rescale pressure
794- coupling with a target pressure of 1 bar :cite: `bernetti2020pressure `.
795- Another difference is the addition of the *nstlog * and
796- *nstenergy * commands to control the frequency at
797- which information is printed in the log file and in
798- the energy file (*edr *). Note also the removing the
799- *gen-vel * commands, because the atoms already have a velocity.
800803
801- Run the NPT equilibration using:
804+ Run the :math: `NpT` equilibration using:
802805
803806.. code-block :: bash
804807
805- gmx grompp -f inputs/npt.mdp -c nvt.gro -p topol.top - o npt -pp npt -po npt
808+ gmx grompp -f inputs/npt.mdp -c nvt.gro -o npt -pp npt -po npt
806809 gmx mdrun -v -deffnm npt
807810
808811 Let us have a look a the temperature, the pressure, and the
809- volume of the box during the NPT step using the * gmx energy *
812+ volume of the box during the NPT step using the `` gmx energy ``
810813command 3 consecutive times:
811814
812815.. code-block :: bash
813816
814- gmx energy -f npt.edr -o temperature- npt.xvg
815- gmx energy -f npt.edr -o pressure- npt.xvg
816- gmx energy -f npt.edr -o density- npt.xvg
817+ gmx energy -f npt.edr -o npt-T .xvg
818+ gmx energy -f npt.edr -o npt-p .xvg
819+ gmx energy -f npt.edr -o npt-rho .xvg
817820
818- Choose respectively * temperature *, * pressure * and * density *.
819- This is what I see:
821+ Choose respectively `` temperature `` (10), `` pressure `` (11) and
822+ `` density `` (16).
820823
821824.. figure :: ../figures/level1/bulk-solution/temperature-npt-light.png
822825 :alt: Gromacs tutorial : NPT equilibration
@@ -828,10 +831,9 @@ This is what I see:
828831
829832.. container :: figurelegend
830833
831- Figure: Evolution of the temperature :math: `T` (a),
832- pressure :math: `p` (b),
833- and fluid density :math: `\rho ` (c) as a
834- function of the time during the NPT equilibration.
834+ Figure: Evolution of the temperature, :math: `T` (a),
835+ pressure, :math: `p` (b), and fluid density, :math: `\rho ` (c) as a
836+ function of the time during the :math: `NpT` equilibration.
835837
836838The results show that the temperature remains well
837839controlled during the NPT run, and
@@ -846,14 +848,16 @@ The pressure curve reveals large oscillations in the pressure, with the pressure
846848values and large positive values. These large oscillations are typical in molecular dynamics, and not a source of
847849concern here.
848850
849- Radial distribution function
850- ============================
851+ Production run
852+ ==============
853+
854+ Let us perform a :math: `400 ~\text {ps}` run in the :math: `NVT` ensemble,
855+ during which the atom positions will be printed every pico-second. The
856+ trajectory will then be used to measure to probe the structure and dynamics
857+ of the system.
851858
852- Let us perform a :math: `400 ~\text {ps}` run in the NVT ensemble, during which the atom positions will be printed every
853- pico-second. The trajectory will then be used to measure radial distribution functions and probe the solvation
854- environment of the ions.
855-
856- Create a new input file within the *inputs/ * folder, call it *production.mdp *, and copy the following lines into it:
859+ Create a new input file within the **inputs/ ** folder, call
860+ it **production.mdp **, and copy the following lines into it:
857861
858862.. code-block :: bw
859863
@@ -889,20 +893,24 @@ Create a new input file within the *inputs/* folder, call it *production.mdp*, a
889893 tau-t = 0.5 0.5
890894 ref_t = 360 360
891895
892- Run it using:
896+ All these commands have been seen in the previous part.
897+ Run it with GROMACS starting from the system equilibrated
898+ at equilibrium temperature and pressure, **npt.gro **, using:
893899
894900.. code-block :: bash
895901
896- gmx grompp -f inputs/production.mdp -c npt.gro -p topol.top - o production -pp production -po production
902+ gmx grompp -f inputs/production.mdp -c npt.gro -o production -pp production -po production
897903 gmx mdrun -v -deffnm production
898904
899- When the simulation is completed, let us compute the radial
905+ Radial distribution function
906+ ----------------------------
907+
908+ After the simulation is completed, let us compute the radial
900909distribution functions between :math: `\text {Na}^+` and
901- :math: `\text {H}_2 \text {O}`,
902- :math: `\text {SO}_4 ^{2 -}` and
903- :math: `\text {H}_2 \text {O}`,
904- as well as in between :math: `\text {H}_2 \text {O}` molecules.
905- This can be done using the *gmx rdf * command as follows:
910+ :math: `\text {H}_2 \text {O}`, :math: `\text {SO}_4 ^{2 -}` and
911+ :math: `\text {H}_2 \text {O}`, as well as in between
912+ :math: `\text {H}_2 \text {O}` molecules. This can be done using
913+ the ``gmx rdf `` command as follows:
906914
907915.. code-block :: bash
908916
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