Coverage: raw SQL surface Comprehensive feature-by-feature test suite under tests/sql/. Every
documented SQLite SQL surface this driver exposes is exercised by at
least one test. Last reviewed against the SQLite + modernc/sqlite
versions pinned in go.mod on 2026-05-26.
Run locally with go test ./tests/sql/....
✓ typed — exercised by at least one test in tests/sql/*_test.go.⚠ inherited — supported by underlying SQLite but no dedicated
test in this module. Carry-over from documentation.✗ — explicitly not supported (userauth, FTS3/FTS4), with
rationale.
Feature
Status
Test
INTEGER affinity (string→int coercion)
✓ typed
TestType_IntegerAffinity
REAL affinity
✓ typed
TestType_RealAffinity
TEXT affinity
✓ typed
TestType_TextAffinity
BLOB affinity (exact bytes)
✓ typed
TestType_BlobAffinity
NUMERIC affinity
✓ typed
TestType_NumericAffinity
NONE affinity
✓ typed
TestType_NoneAffinity
sql.Null* wrappers (String/Int64/Float64/Bool/Time)
✓ typed
TestType_NullRoundTrip
NULL sort order (default, FIRST, LAST)
✓ typed
TestType_NullSortOrder
'' vs NULL distinction
✓ typed
TestType_EmptyVsNull
Feature
Status
Test
WHERE: =, !=, <, >, BETWEEN, IN, NOT IN, IS NULL, IS NOT NULL, LIKE, GLOB
✓ typed
TestSelect_WhereComparisons
ORDER BY (ASC/DESC, multi-col, NULLS FIRST/LAST)
✓ typed
TestSelect_OrderBy, TestType_NullSortOrder
GROUP BY + HAVING
✓ typed
TestSelect_GroupByHaving
DISTINCT
✓ typed
TestSelect_Distinct
UNION / UNION ALL / INTERSECT / EXCEPT
✓ typed
TestSelect_SetOperators
LIMIT / OFFSET / LIMIT M,N
✓ typed
TestSelect_LimitOffset
Column aliases (AS)
✓ typed
TestSelect_ColumnAliases
Feature
Status
Test
INNER JOIN
✓ typed
TestJoin_InnerJoin
LEFT [OUTER] JOIN
✓ typed
TestJoin_LeftJoin, TestJoin_LeftJoin_ThreeWay
RIGHT JOIN
✓ typed
TestJoin_RightOuterSupported
CROSS JOIN
✓ typed
TestJoin_CrossJoin
USING(col)
✓ typed
TestJoin_Using
Self-join
✓ typed
TestJoin_SelfJoin
FULL OUTER JOIN
⚠ inherited
—
Feature
Status
Test
WITH (single CTE)
✓ typed
TestCTE_Simple
WITH (chained CTEs)
✓ typed
TestCTE_Chained
WITH RECURSIVE (Fibonacci)
✓ typed
TestCTE_Recursive_Fibonacci
WITH RECURSIVE (tree walk)
✓ typed
TestCTE_Recursive_TreeWalk
CTE in INSERT
✓ typed
TestCTE_InInsert
MATERIALIZED / NOT MATERIALIZED hint
✓ typed
TestCTE_MaterializationHint
Feature
Status
Test
Scalar subquery (SELECT projection)
✓ typed
TestSubquery_Scalar
Correlated subquery (WHERE)
✓ typed
TestSubquery_Correlated
EXISTS / NOT EXISTS
✓ typed
TestSubquery_Exists
IN (subquery)
✓ typed
TestSubquery_InSubquery
Feature
Status
Test
count(*), count(col), count(DISTINCT col)
✓ typed
TestAgg_CountVariants
sum / total
✓ typed
TestAgg_SumAndTotal
avg
✓ typed
TestAgg_Avg
min / max
✓ typed
TestAgg_MinMax
group_concat (default + custom sep)
✓ typed
TestAgg_GroupConcat
FILTER (WHERE …) clause
✓ typed
TestAgg_FilterClause
DISTINCT inside aggregate
✓ typed
TestAgg_DistinctInAgg
GROUP BY (multi-col)
✓ typed
TestAgg_GroupByMulti
Feature
Status
Test
ROW_NUMBER
✓ typed
TestWindow_RowNumber
RANK, DENSE_RANK
✓ typed
TestWindow_RankAndDenseRank
NTILE
✓ typed
TestWindow_Ntile
LAG, LEAD
✓ typed
TestWindow_LagLead
FIRST_VALUE, LAST_VALUE, NTH_VALUE
✓ typed
TestWindow_FirstLastNthValue
Aggregate over window
✓ typed
TestWindow_AggOverWindow
ROWS frame (preceding/following)
✓ typed
TestWindow_RowsFrameVariants
RANGE frame
✓ typed
TestWindow_RangeFrame
Named window (WINDOW w AS)
✓ typed
TestWindow_NamedAndPartitioned
PARTITION BY
✓ typed
TestWindow_NamedAndPartitioned
EXCLUDE clause
✓ typed
TestWindow_ExcludeClause
User-defined window function from Go
✓ typed
TestRegisterWindowFunction_SlidingFrame, TestRegisterWindowFunction_PartitionBy, TestRegisterWindowFunction_StepErrorPropagates
FILTER inside OVER
✓ typed
TestWindow_FilterClause
GROUPS frame
⚠ inherited
—
Scalar functions — strings
Feature
Status
Test
length (UTF-8)
✓ typed
TestStr_LengthAndCharIndex
substr / substring (positive + negative offsets)
✓ typed
TestStr_SubstrOffsets
replace
✓ typed
TestStr_Replace
instr
✓ typed
TestStr_Instr
hex / unhex (3.41+)
✓ typed
TestStr_HexUnhex
upper / lower
✓ typed
TestStr_UpperLower
trim / ltrim / rtrim (with charset)
✓ typed
TestStr_TrimVariants
LIKE (case-insensitive), GLOB, LIKE ESCAPE
✓ typed
TestStr_LikeGlob
printf / format (3.38+)
✓ typed
TestStr_PrintfFormat
char / unicode
✓ typed
TestStr_CharUnicode
quote
✓ typed
TestStr_Quote
`
` concatenation
coalesce
✓ typed
TestStr_Coalesce, TestCond_Coalesce
Feature
Status
Test
abs
✓ typed
TestMath_Abs
max / min (scalar)
✓ typed
TestMath_MaxMinScalar
round (with precision)
✓ typed
TestMath_Round
randomblob
✓ typed
TestMath_RandomBlob
sqrt, pow/power, exp, ln, log10, log2
✓ typed
TestMath_ExtendedFunctions
pi, sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2
✓ typed
TestMath_ExtendedFunctions
ceil/ceiling, floor, trunc, mod
✓ typed
TestMath_ExtendedFunctions
degrees, radians, sinh, cosh, tanh
✓ typed
TestMath_ExtendedFunctions
Scalar functions — date/time
Feature
Status
Test
date, time, datetime
✓ typed
TestDateTime_BasicFormat
julianday
✓ typed
TestDateTime_Julianday
unixepoch (3.38+)
✓ typed
TestDateTime_Unixepoch
strftime (every format spec)
✓ typed
TestDateTime_StrftimeFormats
Modifiers (start of /, +N days, weekday, etc.)
✓ typed
TestDateTime_Modifiers
'now' keyword
✓ typed
TestDateTime_NowKeyword
'utc' / 'localtime'
✓ typed
TestDateTime_UtcLocaltime
Subsecond precision (%f)
✓ typed
TestDateTime_SubsecondPrecision
Scalar functions — conditional
Feature
Status
Test
CASE WHEN (simple form)
✓ typed
TestCond_CaseWhen_Simple
CASE WHEN (searched form)
✓ typed
TestCond_CaseWhen_Searched
IIF
✓ typed
TestCond_Iif
COALESCE
✓ typed
TestCond_Coalesce
IFNULL
✓ typed
TestCond_Ifnull
NULLIF
✓ typed
TestCond_Nullif
Feature
Status
Test
json_valid
✓ typed
TestJSON_Validate
json_extract ($.path, array idx, nested)
✓ typed
TestJSON_Extract
-> and ->> operators (3.38+)✓ typed
TestJSON_Operators_ArrowDoubleArrow
json_set
✓ typed
TestJSON_Set
json_insert vs json_replace
✓ typed
TestJSON_InsertVsReplace
json_remove
✓ typed
TestJSON_Remove
json_array, json_object
✓ typed
TestJSON_ArrayObject
json_each (table-valued)
✓ typed
TestJSON_Each
json_tree (table-valued)
✓ typed
TestJSON_Tree
json_group_array
✓ typed
TestJSON_GroupArray
json_group_object
✓ typed
TestJSON_GroupObject
json_type
✓ typed
TestJSON_TypeFunction
json_quote
✓ typed
TestJSON_Quote
jsonb_* binary form (3.45+)
⚠ inherited
—
Feature
Status
Test
INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (ROWID alias)
✓ typed
TestConstraint_IntegerPrimaryKey
AUTOINCREMENT
✓ typed
TestConstraint_AutoIncrement
Composite PRIMARY KEY
✓ typed
TestConstraint_CompositePrimaryKey
UNIQUE (single col + NULL semantics)
✓ typed
TestConstraint_Unique
NOT NULL
✓ typed
TestConstraint_NotNull
CHECK (column + table level)
✓ typed
TestConstraint_Check
FOREIGN KEY ON DELETE/UPDATE CASCADE
✓ typed
TestConstraint_ForeignKey_Cascade
FOREIGN KEY ON DELETE RESTRICT
✓ typed
TestConstraint_ForeignKey_Restrict
FOREIGN KEY ON DELETE SET NULL
✓ typed
TestConstraint_ForeignKey_SetNull
DEFAULT (literal, expression)
✓ typed
TestConstraint_Default
DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED
✓ typed
TestConstraint_DeferredForeignKey
Feature
Status
Test
CREATE INDEX (single col)
✓ typed
TestIndex_BasicCreate
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX
✓ typed
TestIndex_Unique
Multi-column index (planner consults)
✓ typed
TestIndex_MultiColumn
Partial index (WHERE)
✓ typed
TestIndex_Partial
Expression index
✓ typed
TestIndex_Expression
COLLATE NOCASE / BINARY / RTRIM
✓ typed
TestIndex_Collation
IF NOT EXISTS
✓ typed
TestIndex_IfNotExists
DROP INDEX, REINDEX
✓ typed
TestIndex_DropAndReindex
Feature
Status
Test
CREATE VIEW
✓ typed
TestView_Basic
TEMPORARY VIEW
✓ typed
TestView_Temporary
View on view
✓ typed
TestView_OnView
DROP VIEW IF EXISTS
✓ typed
TestView_DropIfExists
Column-list rename in CREATE VIEW
✓ typed
TestView_ColumnAliases
Feature
Status
Test
BEFORE INSERT
✓ typed
TestTrigger_BeforeInsert
AFTER UPDATE OF col
✓ typed
TestTrigger_AfterUpdate
AFTER DELETE
✓ typed
TestTrigger_AfterDelete
INSTEAD OF (on view)
✓ typed
TestTrigger_InsteadOfView
WHEN clause
✓ typed
TestTrigger_WhenClause
RAISE(ABORT/FAIL/IGNORE/ROLLBACK)
✓ typed
TestTrigger_Raise
DROP TRIGGER
✓ typed
TestTrigger_DropTrigger
FOR EACH STATEMENT
⚠ inherited
—
Feature
Status
Test
GENERATED ALWAYS AS … VIRTUAL
✓ typed
TestGenerated_Virtual
GENERATED ALWAYS AS … STORED
✓ typed
TestGenerated_Stored
Dependent expressions
✓ typed
TestGenerated_DependentColumn
Update propagates
✓ typed
TestGenerated_AfterUpdate
Feature
Status
Test
Basic WITHOUT ROWID
✓ typed
TestWithoutRowid_Basic
rowid column not accessible
✓ typed
TestWithoutRowid_NoRowidColumn
UPDATE + DELETE behavior
✓ typed
TestWithoutRowid_UpdateAndDelete
Feature
Status
Test
Type enforcement
✓ typed
TestStrict_BasicTypeEnforcement
ANY type column
✓ typed
TestStrict_AnyTypeColumn
typeof() preserves declared type
✓ typed
TestStrict_IntPreservesType
STRICT + WITHOUT ROWID combined
✓ typed
TestStrict_WithoutRowidCombined
UPSERT (INSERT … ON CONFLICT)
Feature
Status
Test
DO NOTHING
✓ typed
TestUpsert_DoNothing
DO UPDATE SET (with excluded.*)
✓ typed
TestUpsert_DoUpdate
DO UPDATE … WHERE
✓ typed
TestUpsert_WhereClause
Multi-row UPSERT
✓ typed
TestUpsert_MultiRow
ON CONFLICT (no target)
✓ typed
TestUpsert_OnConflictNoTarget
INSERT OR IGNORE
✓ typed
TestUpsert_OrIgnore
Feature
Status
Test
INSERT … RETURNING
✓ typed
TestReturning_Insert
UPDATE … RETURNING
✓ typed
TestReturning_Update
DELETE … RETURNING
✓ typed
TestReturning_Delete
RETURNING *
✓ typed
TestReturning_Star
RETURNING with alias
✓ typed
TestReturning_WithAlias
Feature
Status
Test
BEGIN + COMMIT
✓ typed
TestTransaction_BeginCommit
ROLLBACK
✓ typed
TestTransaction_Rollback
Isolation levels (database/sql)
✓ typed
TestTransaction_IsolationLevels
SAVEPOINT / RELEASE / ROLLBACK TO
✓ typed
TestTransaction_Savepoint
Nested savepoints
✓ typed
TestTransaction_NestedSavepoints
Read-only transactions
✓ typed
TestTransaction_ReadOnly
Auto-commit (no explicit BEGIN)
✓ typed
TestTransaction_AutoCommit
Rollback on error
✓ typed
TestTransaction_RollbackOnError
BEGIN DEFERRED / IMMEDIATE / EXCLUSIVE
⚠ inherited
—
PRAGMA
Status
Test
foreign_keys
✓ typed
TestPragma_ForeignKeys
journal_mode
✓ typed
TestPragma_JournalMode
synchronous
✓ typed
TestPragma_Synchronous
busy_timeout
✓ typed
TestPragma_BusyTimeout
cache_size
✓ typed
TestPragma_CacheSize
recursive_triggers
✓ typed
TestPragma_RecursiveTriggers
user_version
✓ typed
TestPragma_UserVersion
application_id
✓ typed
TestPragma_ApplicationId
table_info
✓ typed
TestPragma_TableInfo
index_list
✓ typed
TestPragma_IndexList
foreign_key_list
✓ typed
TestPragma_ForeignKeyList
integrity_check
✓ typed
TestPragma_IntegrityCheck
quick_check
✓ typed
TestPragma_QuickCheck
auto_vacuum
✓ typed
TestPragma_AutoVacuum, TestVacuum_AutoVacuumFull
case_sensitive_like
✓ typed
TestPragma_CaseSensitiveLike
database_list
✓ typed
TestAttach_DatabaseList
freelist_count
✓ typed
TestVacuum_FreelistCount
temp_store, locking_mode, secure_delete, etc.
⚠ inherited
—
Feature
Status
Test
ATTACH + cross-DB query
✓ typed
TestAttach_BasicAttachAndQuery
Cross-DB JOIN
✓ typed
TestAttach_CrossDbJoin
DETACH
✓ typed
TestAttach_Detach
database_list pragma
✓ typed
TestAttach_DatabaseList
Feature
Status
Test
VACUUM
✓ typed
TestVacuum_Basic
VACUUM INTO file
✓ typed
TestVacuum_Into
auto_vacuum = FULL
✓ typed
TestVacuum_AutoVacuumFull
auto_vacuum = INCREMENTAL + incremental_vacuum
✓ typed
TestVacuum_IncrementalVacuum
freelist_count
✓ typed
TestVacuum_FreelistCount
Feature
Reason
FTS3, FTS4 virtual tables
modernc ships FTS5 only ; the no such module: fts3 error is the documented signal.
Userauth (SQLITE_USER_AUTHENTICATION)
Removed upstream from modernc. We reject _auth* DSN flags.
WITH RECURSIVE … materialized (with the materialization hint) reaching outside the CTE
Standard limitation; tested indirectly via TestCTE_MaterializationHint.
When SQLite or modernc bumps
just bump-modernc vX.Y.Z (or whatever the upstream version is).go test ./tests/sql/... — should still be green.If new SQL features ship in the bump, add tests + extend this doc.
If existing tests fail, classify: genuine SQL behavior change
(port the test) vs driver regression (fix the driver).
Last reviewed against the SQLite + modernc/sqlite versions pinned in go.mod on 2026-05-29.